महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-16

अधर्मेण हते तात पुत्रे दुर्योधने मम ।
कृतवर्मा कृपो द्रौणिः किमकुर्वत संजय ॥१६॥

16. adharmeṇa hate tāta putre duryodhane mama ,
kṛtavarmā kṛpo drauṇiḥ kimakurvata saṁjaya.

16. adharmeṇa hate tāta putre duryodhane mama
kṛtavarmā kṛpaḥ drauṇiḥ kim akurvata saṃjaya

16. tāta saṃjaya mama putre duryodhane adharmeṇa
hate kṛtavarmā kṛpaḥ drauṇiḥ kim akurvata

16. O dear Saṃjaya, when my son Duryodhana was unjustly slain (adharma), what did Kṛtavarmā, Kṛpa, and Drauṇi do?

Words meanings summery:

• अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, unjustly, by unconstitutional means

• हते (hate) - having been killed, slain

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, father (term of endearment)

• पुत्रे (putre) - in the context of a locative absolute: 'when the son' (in the son, when the son)

• दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - in the context of a locative absolute: 'when Duryodhana' (in Duryodhana, when Duryodhana)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (Drauṇi (son of Droṇa))

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• अकुर्वत (akurvata) - they did, they made

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

Words meanings and morphology

अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, unjustly, by unconstitutional means

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, wrong conduct, that which is contrary to intrinsic nature (dharma)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-, non-
  prefix
• dharma – constitution (dharma), natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)

हते (hate) - having been killed, slain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

तात (tāta) - O dear one, father (term of endearment)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment, often used by elder to younger or respectful address)

पुत्रे (putre) - in the context of a locative absolute: 'when the son' (in the son, when the son)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - in the context of a locative absolute: 'when Duryodhana' (in Duryodhana, when Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kṛtavarmā (a Yādava warrior, ally of the Kauravas)

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (a warrior, brother-in-law of Droṇa)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (Drauṇi (son of Droṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

Patronymic from Droṇa

किम् (kim) - what, why

(interrogative pronoun)

अकुर्वत (akurvata) - they did, they made

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (the charioteer and narrator)