महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-42

तांस्तु हत्वा ततः काकान्कौशिको मुदितोऽभवत् ।
प्रतिकृत्य यथाकामं शत्रूणां शत्रुसूदनः ॥४२॥

42. tāṁstu hatvā tataḥ kākānkauśiko mudito'bhavat ,
pratikṛtya yathākāmaṁ śatrūṇāṁ śatrusūdanaḥ.

42. tān tu hatvā tataḥ kākān kauśikaḥ muditaḥ abhavat
pratikṛtya yathākāmam śatrūṇām śatrusūdanaḥ

42. śatrusūdanaḥ kauśikaḥ tān kākān hatvā tataḥ
śatrūṇām yathākāmam pratikṛtya muditaḥ abhavat

42. Having thus killed those crows, Kauśika, the slayer of enemies (śatrusūdana), became joyful. He had taken revenge on his enemies as he desired.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (crows) (those)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, therefore)

• काकान् (kākān) - the crows (crows)

• कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Kauśika (referring to Aśvatthāmā) (son of Kuśika, a proper name)

• मुदितः (muditaḥ) - became joyful (joyful, delighted, glad)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, was)

• प्रतिकृत्य (pratikṛtya) - having taken revenge (having avenged, having retaliated, having rendered a service)

• यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as he wished (according to desire, as wished, at will)

• शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of his enemies (of enemies)

• शत्रुसूदनः (śatrusūdanaḥ) - the slayer of his enemies (Kauśika/Aśvatthāmā) (slayer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (crows) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the crows mentioned previously.

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'han' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: han (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' with suffix '-tas'.

काकान् (kākān) - the crows (crows)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāka

kāka - crow

कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Kauśika (referring to Aśvatthāmā) (son of Kuśika, a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - a descendant of Kuśika; a proper name (e.g., Viśvāmitra, Aśvatthāmā)

Patronymic from Kuśika.

Note: Here, Kauśika refers to Aśvatthāmā, who is acting in this episode.

मुदितः (muditaḥ) - became joyful (joyful, delighted, glad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mudita

mudita - delighted, joyful, glad

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'mud' (to rejoice) with suffix '-ita'.

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Kauśika.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect (laṅ-lakāra) 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रतिकृत्य (pratikṛtya) - having taken revenge (having avenged, having retaliated, having rendered a service)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with prefix 'prati', using the '-ya' suffix for absolutives with prefixes.

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as he wished (according to desire, as wished, at will)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound of 'yathā' (as) and 'kāmam' (desire).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kāma)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of his enemies (of enemies)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

Note: Connected to 'pratikṛtya' (avenging against).

शत्रुसूदनः (śatrusūdanaḥ) - the slayer of his enemies (Kauśika/Aśvatthāmā) (slayer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrusūdana

śatrusūdana - slayer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

Compound: 'śatru' (enemy) + 'sūdana' (destroying, killing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+sūdana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroying, killing, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'sūd' (to destroy, kill) with suffix '-ana'.
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Qualifies Kauśika.