महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-56

हतो दुर्योधनो राजा एकवीरो महाबलः ।
यस्यार्थे वैरमस्माभिरासक्तं पाण्डवैः सह ॥५६॥

56. hato duryodhano rājā ekavīro mahābalaḥ ,
yasyārthe vairamasmābhirāsaktaṁ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha.

56. hataḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā ekavīraḥ mahābalaḥ yasya
arthe vairam asmābhiḥ āsaktam pāṇḍavaiḥ saha

56. rājā duryodhanaḥ ekavīraḥ mahābalaḥ hataḥ.
yasya arthe asmābhiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha vairam āsaktam

56. King Duryodhana, that unique and mighty hero, has been slain – he for whose sake we engaged in hostility with the Pandavas.

Words meanings summery:

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• एकवीरः (ekavīraḥ) - unique hero, sole warrior

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, very powerful

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of, for the purpose of

• वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• आसक्तम् (āsaktam) - engaged, attached, directed

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas

• सह (saha) - with, together with

Words meanings and morphology

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

derived from √han

Root: han (class 2)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, lit. 'hard to fight')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  derived from √yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

एकवीरः (ekavīraḥ) - unique hero, sole warrior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekavīra

ekavīra - unique hero, sole warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+vīra)

• eka – one, unique, sole
  numeral
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  derived from √vīr
  Root: vīr (class 1)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, very powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very powerful, mighty

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of, for the purpose of

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, sake

Locative singular used as an indeclinable to express purpose

Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Used here adverbially to mean 'for the sake of'.

वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility

Root: vīra

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

आसक्तम् (āsaktam) - engaged, attached, directed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āsakta

āsakta - engaged, attached, directed, devoted

Past Passive Participle

derived from √sañj with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vairam'.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case.