महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-32

क्रोधामर्षवशं प्राप्तो द्रोणपुत्रस्तु भारत ।
नैव स्म स जगामाथ निद्रां सर्प इव श्वसन् ॥३२॥

32. krodhāmarṣavaśaṁ prāpto droṇaputrastu bhārata ,
naiva sma sa jagāmātha nidrāṁ sarpa iva śvasan.

32. krodha-amarṣa-vaśam prāptaḥ droṇa-putraḥ tu bhārata
na eva sma sa jagāma atha nidrām sarpaḥ iva śvasan

32. bhārata,
droṇa-putraḥ tu krodha-amarṣa-vaśam prāptaḥ sa na eva sma jagāma atha nidrām,
sarpaḥ iva śvasan

32. But the son of Droṇa, O Bhārata, having fallen under the sway of wrath and indignation, did not go to sleep (nidrā) at all, breathing like a snake.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोध-अमर्ष-वशम् (krodha-amarṣa-vaśam) - sway of wrath and indignation

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having fallen under (the sway) (having reached, having obtained, having fallen into)

• द्रोण-पुत्रः (droṇa-putraḥ) - the son of Droṇa

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense (with present verbs), emphasis

• स (sa) - he, that (masculine singular nominative)

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, and, moreover

• निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep, slumber (accusative)

• सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - snake, serpent

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• श्वसन् (śvasan) - breathing, hissing

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोध-अमर्ष-वशम् (krodha-amarṣa-vaśam) - sway of wrath and indignation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha-amarṣa-vaśa

krodha-amarṣa-vaśa - sway of wrath and indignation, under the power of anger and intolerance

Tatpuruṣa compound where 'krodha' and 'amarṣa' form a Dvandva, then 'vaśa' is added.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+amarṣa+vaśa)

• krodha – wrath, anger, fury
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• amarṣa – indignation, impatience, intolerance, anger
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'mṛṣ' (to bear) with negative prefix 'a'
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)
• vaśa – sway, control, power, will
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having fallen under (the sway) (having reached, having obtained, having fallen into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, acquired, happened, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaputraḥ'.

द्रोण-पुत्रः (droṇa-putraḥ) - the son of Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa-putra

droṇa-putra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a teacher, a Brahmin warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

Derived from 'Bharata'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense (with present verbs), emphasis

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he, that (masculine singular nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

जगाम (jagāma) - he went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, active voice

Root: gam (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, and, moreover

(indeclinable)

निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep, slumber (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nidrā

nidrā - sleep, slumber, inertness, lassitude

सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - snake, serpent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - snake, serpent, creeping animal

Root: sṛp (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

श्वसन् (śvasan) - breathing, hissing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvasat

śvasat - breathing, panting, blowing, hissing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'śvas'

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sa' (he).