महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-21

प्रविश्य तद्वनं घोरं वीक्षमाणाः समन्ततः ।
शाखासहस्रसंछन्नं न्यग्रोधं ददृशुस्ततः ॥२१॥

21. praviśya tadvanaṁ ghoraṁ vīkṣamāṇāḥ samantataḥ ,
śākhāsahasrasaṁchannaṁ nyagrodhaṁ dadṛśustataḥ.

21. praviśya tat vanam ghoram vīkṣamāṇāḥ samantataḥ
śākhāsahasrasaṃchannam nyagrodham dadṛśuḥ tataḥ

21. tat ghoram vanam praviśya samantataḥ vīkṣamāṇāḥ
tataḥ śākhāsahasrasaṃchannam nyagrodham dadṛśuḥ

21. After entering that formidable forest and looking all around, they then saw a Banyan tree (nyagrodha) covered with thousands of branches.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• तत् (tat) - that

• वनम् (vanam) - forest

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, formidable, terrible

• वीक्षमाणाः (vīkṣamāṇāḥ) - seeing, looking, observing

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides

• शाखासहस्रसंछन्नम् (śākhāsahasrasaṁchannam) - covered with thousands of branches

• न्यग्रोधम् (nyagrodham) - a Banyan tree

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, thence

Words meanings and morphology

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from root viś with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the forest.

वनम् (vanam) - forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, formidable, terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, formidable, fearful

Note: Describes the forest.

वीक्षमाणाः (vīkṣamāṇāḥ) - seeing, looking, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīkṣamāṇa

vīkṣamāṇa - seeing, looking at, observing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root īkṣ with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Functions adjectivally to describe the subjects (te).

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides

(indeclinable)

शाखासहस्रसंछन्नम् (śākhāsahasrasaṁchannam) - covered with thousands of branches

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śākhāsahasrasaṃchanna

śākhāsahasrasaṁchanna - covered completely with thousands of branches

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śākhā+sahasra+saṃchanna)

• śākhā – branch, bough
  noun (feminine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• saṃchanna – covered, completely hidden, veiled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root chad with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: chad

Note: Describes the Banyan tree (nyagrodha).

न्यग्रोधम् (nyagrodham) - a Banyan tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nyagrodha

nyagrodha - the Banyan tree, Ficus indica (roots grow downwards)

From ni + √grah/ruh, 'growing downwards'.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense (Lit) form of the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, thence

(indeclinable)