महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-48

यच्चाप्यत्र भवेद्वाच्यं गर्हितं लोकनिन्दितम् ।
कर्तव्यं तन्मनुष्येण क्षत्रधर्मेण वर्तता ॥४८॥

48. yaccāpyatra bhavedvācyaṁ garhitaṁ lokaninditam ,
kartavyaṁ tanmanuṣyeṇa kṣatradharmeṇa vartatā.

48. yat ca api atra bhavet vācyam garhitam loka-ninditam
kartavyam tat manuṣyeṇa kṣatra-dharmeṇa vartatā

48. yat ca api atra vācyam garhitam loka-ninditam bhavet tat kṣatra-dharmeṇa vartatā manuṣyeṇa kartavyam.

48. And whatever here may be censurable, condemned, and despised by people, that must be done by a man who acts in accordance with the natural law (dharma) of a warrior.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - what, which, whatever

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, would be, should happen

• वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be said, to be spoken of, blameable, censurable

• गर्हितम् (garhitam) - censured, condemned, blamed

• लोक-निन्दितम् (loka-ninditam) - despised by people, condemned by the world

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, duty

• तत् (tat) - that

• मनुष्येण (manuṣyeṇa) - by a man, by a human being

• क्षत्र-धर्मेण (kṣatra-dharmeṇa) - by the natural law (dharma) of a warrior, by the duty of a kṣatriya

• वर्तता (vartatā) - by one acting, by one behaving

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - what, which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, would be, should happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be said, to be spoken of, blameable, censurable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vācya

vācya - to be said, to be spoken, blameable, censurable, expressible

Gerundive (potential passive participle)

Derived from root vac with suffix -ya

Root: vac (class 2)

गर्हितम् (garhitam) - censured, condemned, blamed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of garhita

garhita - censured, condemned, blamed, despised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root garh with suffix -ta

Root: garh (class 1)

लोक-निन्दितम् (loka-ninditam) - despised by people, condemned by the world

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of loka-nindita

loka-nindita - despised by people, censured by the world

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (loka+nindita)

• loka – people, world, public
  noun (masculine)
• nindita – blamed, censured, despised
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root nind with suffix -ta
  Root: nind (class 1)

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, duty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, ought to be done, fit to be done, duty

Gerundive (potential passive participle)

Derived from root kṛ with suffix -tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मनुष्येण (manuṣyeṇa) - by a man, by a human being

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

क्षत्र-धर्मेण (kṣatra-dharmeṇa) - by the natural law (dharma) of a warrior, by the duty of a kṣatriya

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣatra-dharma

kṣatra-dharma - the natural law (dharma) of a warrior, duty of a kṣatriya, martial duty

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior, kṣatriya class, rule, power
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वर्तता (vartatā) - by one acting, by one behaving

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vartat

vartat - acting, behaving, existing, being

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vṛt with suffix śatṛ

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'manuṣyeṇa'