महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततस्ते सहिता वीराः प्रयाता दक्षिणामुखाः ।
उपास्तमयवेलायां शिबिराभ्याशमागताः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataste sahitā vīrāḥ prayātā dakṣiṇāmukhāḥ ,
upāstamayavelāyāṁ śibirābhyāśamāgatāḥ.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ te sahitāḥ vīrāḥ prayātāḥ
dakṣiṇāmukhāḥ upāstamayavelāyām śibirābhyāśam āgatāḥ

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ te sahitāḥ vīrāḥ dakṣiṇāmukhāḥ
prayātāḥ upāstamayavelāyām śibirābhyāśam āgatāḥ

1. Sañjaya said: Then, those united warriors, having proceeded southwards, arrived near the camp at dusk.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• ते (te) - they

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united, accompanied, together, assembled

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, warriors, brave men

• प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed, set out, gone forth

• दक्षिणामुखाः (dakṣiṇāmukhāḥ) - facing south, southward-facing

• उपास्तमयवेलायाम् (upāstamayavelāyām) - at the time of sunset, at dusk, at the approach of evening

• शिबिराभ्याशम् (śibirābhyāśam) - near the camp, towards the camp

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - arrived, come, returned

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united, accompanied, together, assembled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - united, accompanied by, together, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from saha (with) + ita (gone, from root i). Or from saṃ-dhā.

Note: Modifies 'vīrāḥ'.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, warriors, brave men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave

प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed, set out, gone forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, set out

Past Passive Participle

From root yā 'to go' with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

दक्षिणामुखाः (dakṣiṇāmukhāḥ) - facing south, southward-facing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dakṣiṇāmukha

dakṣiṇāmukha - facing south, with face towards the south

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dakṣiṇā+mukha)

• dakṣiṇā – south, right
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front, direction
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'vīrāḥ'.

उपास्तमयवेलायाम् (upāstamayavelāyām) - at the time of sunset, at dusk, at the approach of evening

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of upāstamayavelā

upāstamayavelā - time of sunset, dusk

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (upa+astamaya+velā)

• upa – near, towards, subsidiary
  indeclinable
• astamaya – setting (of sun), disappearance
  noun (masculine)
  From root i 'to go' with prefix asta-.
  Prefix: asta
  Root: i (class 2)
• velā – time, season, limit, hour
  noun (feminine)

शिबिराभ्याशम् (śibirābhyāśam) - near the camp, towards the camp

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śibirābhyāśa

śibirābhyāśa - proximity of the camp, near the camp

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śibira+abhyāśa)

• śibira – camp, encampment, tent
  noun (neuter)
• abhyāśa – proximity, nearness, approach
  noun (masculine)
  From root aś 'to obtain' with prefixes abhi- and ā-.
  Prefixes: abhi+ā
  Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate direction towards the camp.

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - arrived, come, returned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, returned

Past Passive Participle

From root gam 'to go' with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)