योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-35, verse-15

अविचारवशादेष हृदयस्थोऽपि चेतनः ।
न ज्ञायते चिरादृष्टो दृष्टबन्धुरिवाग्रतः ॥ १५ ॥

avicāravaśādeṣa hṛdayastho'pi cetanaḥ ,
na jñāyate cirādṛṣṭo dṛṣṭabandhurivāgrataḥ 15

15. avicāra-vaśāt eṣaḥ hṛdaya-sthaḥ api cetanaḥ na
jñāyate cirāt dṛṣṭaḥ dṛṣṭa-bandhuḥ iva agrataḥ

15. avicāra-vaśāt eṣaḥ hṛdaya-sthaḥ api cetanaḥ
cirāt dṛṣṭaḥ agrataḥ dṛṣṭa-bandhuḥ iva na jñāyate

15. Due to lack of proper inquiry (avicāra), this conscious (cetana) Self (ātman), though residing in the heart, is not known, much like a long-unseen friend is not recognized even when standing directly in front.

Words meanings summery:

• अविचार-वशात् (avicāra-vaśāt) - due to lack of proper inquiry (due to lack of thought/discrimination, by reason of thoughtlessness)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (Self) (this, this one)

• हृदय-स्थः (hṛdaya-sthaḥ) - residing in the heart (situated in the heart, residing in the heart)

• अपि (api) - though (even, also, although)

• चेतनः (cetanaḥ) - the conscious Self (conscious, sentient, animate, the conscious Self)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ज्ञायते (jñāyate) - is known (is known, is perceived)

• चिरात् (cirāt) - after a long time (after a long time, for a long time)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen

• दृष्ट-बन्धुः (dṛṣṭa-bandhuḥ) - a friend seen (a seen friend, a friend who has been seen)

• इव (iva) - much like (like, as)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - directly in front (in front, before, in the presence of)

Words meanings and morphology

अविचार-वशात् (avicāra-vaśāt) - due to lack of proper inquiry (due to lack of thought/discrimination, by reason of thoughtlessness)

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'avicāra' (lack of discrimination) and 'vaśa' (control, power).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avicāra+vaśa)

• avicāra – lack of thought, non-discrimination, inconsideration
  noun (masculine)
  Negative prefix 'a-' + 'vicāra' (thought, deliberation).
• vaśa – will, power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)

Note: Ablative case used adverbially to mean 'due to'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (Self) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

हृदय-स्थः (hṛdaya-sthaḥ) - residing in the heart (situated in the heart, residing in the heart)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛdaya-stha

hṛdaya-stha - abiding in the heart, being in the heart

Compound. 'stha' (standing, situated) derived from √sthā.

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (hṛdaya+stha)

• hṛdaya – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated, residing
  adjective
  Derived from √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

अपि (api) - though (even, also, although)

(indeclinable)

चेतनः (cetanaḥ) - the conscious Self (conscious, sentient, animate, the conscious Self)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cetana

cetana - conscious, sentient, intelligent, the soul, the conscious principle

From √cit (to perceive, to understand, to know).

Root: cit (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञायते (jñāyate) - is known (is known, is perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of jñā

Passive voice of √jñā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

चिरात् (cirāt) - after a long time (after a long time, for a long time)

(indeclinable)

Ablative case used adverbially.

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, known

Past Passive Participle

From √dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दृष्ट-बन्धुः (dṛṣṭa-bandhuḥ) - a friend seen (a seen friend, a friend who has been seen)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa-bandhu

dṛṣṭa-bandhu - a seen friend, an old acquaintance

Compound of 'dṛṣṭa' (seen) and 'bandhu' (friend).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dṛṣṭa+bandhu)

• dṛṣṭa – seen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dṛś
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• bandhu – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - much like (like, as)

(indeclinable)

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - directly in front (in front, before, in the presence of)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'agra' (front) with suffix -tas.

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