वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-54

ततो ऽगर्जद्धरिवरः सुग्रीवो हेमपिङ्गलः ।
तेन नादेन महता निर्जगाम हरीश्वरः ॥५४॥

54. tato'garjaddharivaraḥ sugrīvo hemapiṅgalaḥ ,
tena nādena mahatā nirjagāma harīśvaraḥ.

54. tataḥ agarjat harivaraḥ sugrīvaḥ hemapiṅgalaḥ
tena nādena mahatā nirjagāma harīśvaraḥ

54. tataḥ hemapiṅgalaḥ harivaraḥ sugrīvaḥ agarjat
tena mahatā nādena harīśvaraḥ nirjagāma

54. Then, Sugriva, the golden-brown best of monkeys, roared. By that great roar, the lord of monkeys (Vali) emerged.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

• अगर्जत् (agarjat) - roared (roared, thundered)

• हरिवरः (harivaraḥ) - the best of monkeys (best of monkeys, excellent monkey)

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name))

• हेमपिङ्गलः (hemapiṅgalaḥ) - golden-brown (golden-brown, golden-tawny)

• तेन (tena) - by that (roar) (by that)

• नादेन (nādena) - by the roar (by sound, by roar)

• महता (mahatā) - by great (by great, by mighty)

• निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - emerged (came out, emerged, went out)

• हरीश्वरः (harīśvaraḥ) - the lord of monkeys (Vali) (lord of monkeys, king of monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas applied to tad

अगर्जत् (agarjat) - roared (roared, thundered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of garj

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular active, with augment 'a' for past tense.

Root: garj (class 1)

हरिवरः (harivaraḥ) - the best of monkeys (best of monkeys, excellent monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harivara

harivara - best of monkeys, excellent monkey

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+vara)

• hari – monkey, lion, sun, Vishnu
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, choice, boon
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king, literally 'good-necked')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

हेमपिङ्गलः (hemapiṅgalaḥ) - golden-brown (golden-brown, golden-tawny)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hemapiṅgala

hemapiṅgala - golden-brown, golden-tawny

Compound type : karmadhāraya (heman+piṅgala)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• piṅgala – tawny, reddish-brown, yellow
  adjective (masculine)

तेन (tena) - by that (roar) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with nādena.

नादेन (nādena) - by the roar (by sound, by roar)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nāda

nāda - sound, roar, cry

Root: nad (class 1)

महता (mahatā) - by great (by great, by mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large

Note: Agrees with nādena.

निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - emerged (came out, emerged, went out)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of nirgam

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Intensive reduplication. 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: nir

Root: gam (class 1)

हरीश्वरः (harīśvaraḥ) - the lord of monkeys (Vali) (lord of monkeys, king of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harīśvara

harīśvara - lord of monkeys, king of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+īśvara)

• hari – monkey, lion, sun, Vishnu
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)