वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-53

ततः प्रीतमनास्तेन विश्वस्तः स महाकपिः ।
किष्किन्धां रामसहितो जगाम च गुहां तदा ॥५३॥

53. tataḥ prītamanāstena viśvastaḥ sa mahākapiḥ ,
kiṣkindhāṃ rāmasahito jagāma ca guhāṃ tadā.

53. tataḥ prītamanaḥ tena viśvastaḥ saḥ mahākapiḥ
kiṣkindhām rāmasahitaḥ jagāma ca guhām tadā

53. tataḥ saḥ mahākapiḥ tena viśvastaḥ prītamanaḥ
rāmasahitaḥ kiṣkindhām guhām ca tadā jagāma

53. Then, that great monkey (Sugriva), with a pleased mind and having gained confidence through Rama, went to Kishkindha, the cave city, accompanied by Rama at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

• प्रीतमनः (prītamanaḥ) - pleased in mind (pleased in mind, happy)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Rama) (by him, by that)

• विश्वस्तः (viśvastaḥ) - having gained confidence (trusted, confident, having faith)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Sugriva) (he, that)

• महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great monkey (Sugriva) (great monkey)

• किष्किन्धाम् (kiṣkindhām) - to Kishkindha (Kishkindha (name of a city))

• रामसहितः (rāmasahitaḥ) - accompanied by Rama

• जगाम (jagāma) - went (went, has gone)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गुहाम् (guhām) - the cave (referring to Kishkindha) (cave, hiding place, secret place)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas applied to tad

प्रीतमनः (prītamanaḥ) - pleased in mind (pleased in mind, happy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prītamanas

prītamanas - pleased in mind, happy

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prīta+manas)

• prīta – pleased, delighted, loved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root prī (to please, delight)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, spirit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

तेन (tena) - by him (Rama) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama, who inspired confidence.

विश्वस्तः (viśvastaḥ) - having gained confidence (trusted, confident, having faith)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvasta

viśvasta - trusted, confident, having faith

Past Passive Participle

from vi-śvas (to trust)

Prefix: vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (Sugriva) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great monkey (Sugriva) (great monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahākapi

mahākapi - great monkey, chief of monkeys

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+kapi)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Sugriva.

किष्किन्धाम् (kiṣkindhām) - to Kishkindha (Kishkindha (name of a city))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kiṣkindhā

kiṣkindhā - Kishkindha (name of the monkey kingdom/city)

रामसहितः (rāmasahitaḥ) - accompanied by Rama

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāmasahita

rāmasahita - accompanied by Rama

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāma+sahita)

• rāma – Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sahita – accompanied, together with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from sa-hita (from root dhā 'to place' with sa- prefix)
  Prefix: sa
  Root: dhā (class 3)

जगाम (jagāma) - went (went, has gone)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of gam

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Intensive reduplication. 3rd person singular active.

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

गुहाम् (guhām) - the cave (referring to Kishkindha) (cave, hiding place, secret place)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of guhā

guhā - cave, hiding place, secret place

Root: guh (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

suffix -dā applied to tad