वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-36

तेन तत्रैव वसता जनस्थाननिवासिनी ।
विरूपिता शूर्पणखा राक्षसी कामरूपिणी ॥३६॥

36. tena tatraiva vasatā janasthānanivāsinī ,
virūpitā śūrpaṇakhā rākṣasī kāmarūpiṇī.

36. tena tatra eva vasatā janasthānanivāsinī
virūpitā śūrpaṇakhā rākṣasī kāmarūpiṇī

36. tena tatra eva vasatā janasthānanivāsinī
kāmarūpiṇī rākṣasī śūrpaṇakhā virūpitā

36. By him, while residing there itself, Śūrpaṇakhā, the demoness (rākṣasī), who dwelt in Janasthāna and could change her form at will, was disfigured.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• वसता (vasatā) - by him residing, while residing

• जनस्थाननिवासिनी (janasthānanivāsinī) - dwelling in Janasthāna

• विरूपिता (virūpitā) - disfigured, mutilated

• शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Śūrpaṇakhā

• राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - demoness

• कामरूपिणी (kāmarūpiṇī) - shape-shifting, changing form at will

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'virūpitā'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

emphatic particle

वसता (vasatā) - by him residing, while residing

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vasat

vas - to dwell, reside

Present active participle

Masculine, singular, instrumental.

Root: vas (class 1)

जनस्थाननिवासिनी (janasthānanivāsinī) - dwelling in Janasthāna

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janasthānanivāsin

janasthānanivāsin - dwelling in Janasthāna (a specific place)

Compound adjective (noun + participle)

Compound type : tatpurusha (janasthāna+nivāsin)

• janasthāna – Janasthāna (name of a place)
  proper noun (neuter)
• nivāsin – dwelling, residing, inhabiting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from Present Stem
  From √vas 'to dwell' with upasarga ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vas (class 1)

विरूपिता (virūpitā) - disfigured, mutilated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of virūpita

virūpita - disfigured, defaced, mutilated

Past Passive Participle

From √rūp (to form, shape) with upasarga vi, and suffix -ita

Prefix: vi

Root: rūp (class 10)

Note: Functions as the main verb in a passive construction.

शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Śūrpaṇakhā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śūrpaṇakhā

śūrpaṇakhā - Śūrpaṇakhā (a Rākṣasī, sister of Rāvaṇa)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śūrpa+nakha)

• śūrpa – winnowing basket
  noun (neuter)
• nakha – nail, claw
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the passive action.

राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - demoness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - a female demon, demoness

Feminine form of 'rākṣasa'

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

कामरूपिणी (kāmarūpiṇī) - shape-shifting, changing form at will

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāmarūpiṇ

kāmarūpiṇ - changing shape at will, assuming any desired form

From 'kāma' (desire) + 'rūpin' (having form)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+rūpin)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From √kam 'to desire'
  Root: kam (class 1)
• rūpiṇ – having a form, endowed with a figure
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'rūpa' + 'ini' suffix