वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-42

तेन मायाविना दूरमपवाह्य नृपात्मजौ ।
जहार भार्यां रामस्य गृध्रं हत्वा जटायुषम् ॥४२॥

42. tena māyāvinā dūramapavāhya nṛpātmajau ,
jahāra bhāryāṃ rāmasya gṛdhraṃ hatvā jaṭāyuṣam.

42. tena māyāvinā dūram apavāhya nṛpātmajau jahāra
bhāryām rāmasya gṛdhram hatvā jaṭāyuṣam

42. tena māyāvinā nṛpātmajau dūram apavāhya
gṛdhram jaṭāyuṣam hatvā rāmasya bhāryām jahāra

42. That magician having lured the two princes far away, (Rāvaṇa) abducted Rāma's wife after killing the vulture Jaṭāyu.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by him (Mārīca, who appeared as a golden deer) (by him, by that)

• मायाविना (māyāvinā) - by Mārīca, who assumed an illusory form (by the illusionist, by the magician)

• दूरम् (dūram) - far, far away

• अपवाह्य (apavāhya) - having lured away (the princes) (having led away, having lured away)

• नृपात्मजौ (nṛpātmajau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two princes, the two sons of the king)

• जहार (jahāra) - abducted, carried away

• भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - vulture

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

• जटायुषम् (jaṭāyuṣam) - The proper name of the vulture. (Jaṭāyu)

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by him (Mārīca, who appeared as a golden deer) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Mārīca.

मायाविना (māyāvinā) - by Mārīca, who assumed an illusory form (by the illusionist, by the magician)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māyāvin

māyāvin - illusionist, magician, conjurer, one possessing māyā (magic, illusion)

Derived from 'māyā' + '-vin' suffix (possessing).

Note: Refers to Mārīca, the agent of luring the princes.

दूरम् (dūram) - far, far away

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially.

अपवाह्य (apavāhya) - having lured away (the princes) (having led away, having lured away)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from 'apa-√vah' (to carry off, lead away) + '-ya' suffix for absolutive with prefix.

Prefix: apa

Root: vah (class 1)

नृपात्मजौ (nṛpātmajau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two princes, the two sons of the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - king's son, prince

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector).
  Root: pā (class 2)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'ātman' + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'apavāhya'.

जहार (jahāra) - abducted, carried away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of √hṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of '√hṛ'.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, consort, one to be supported

Gerundive (passive future participle) used as a noun

From '√bhṛ' (to bear, support) + 'ṇya' suffix. Literally "she who is to be supported".

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jahāra'.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name, son of Daśaratha), pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Possessive, modifying 'bhāryām'.

गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - vulture

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture, greedy

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from '√han' (to strike, kill) + '-tvā' suffix for absolutive.

Root: han (class 2)

जटायुषम् (jaṭāyuṣam) - The proper name of the vulture. (Jaṭāyu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaṭāyu

jaṭāyu - Jaṭāyu (proper name of a divine vulture)

Note: Object in apposition to 'gṛdhram'.