वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-49

ततो वानरराजेन वैरानुकथनं प्रति ।
रामायावेदितं सर्वं प्रणयाद्दुःखितेन च ।
वालिनश्च बलं तत्र कथयामास वानरः ॥४९॥

49. tato vānararājena vairānukathanaṃ prati ,
rāmāyāveditaṃ sarvaṃ praṇayādduḥkhitena ca ,
vālinaśca balaṃ tatra kathayāmāsa vānaraḥ.

49. tataḥ vānararājena vairānukathanaṃ
prati rāmāya āveditaṃ sarvaṃ
praṇayāt duḥkhitena ca vālinaḥ ca
balaṃ tatra kathayāmāsa vānaraḥ

49. tataḥ vānararājena duḥkhitena ca
praṇayāt sarvaṃ vairānukathanaṃ
prati rāmāya āveditaṃ tatra ca
vānaraḥ vālinaḥ balaṃ kathayāmāsa

49. Then, out of affection and distress, the monkey king (Sugriva) reported everything to Rama concerning the narration of his enmity (vaira). There, the monkey also recounted the strength of Vali.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thence, from that, thereafter, then)

• वानरराजेन (vānararājena) - by Sugriva, the monkey king (by the king of monkeys, by the monkey king)

• वैरानुकथनं (vairānukathanaṁ) - the account of his (Sugriva's) enmity (narration of enmity, account of hostility)

• प्रति (prati) - concerning (towards, against, concerning, regarding)

• रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rama (to Rama, for Rama)

• आवेदितं (āveditaṁ) - reported (reported, informed, announced)

• सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - everything (all, whole, entire)

• प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - out of affection (from affection, out of love, owing to familiarity)

• दुःखितेन (duḥkhitena) - by the distressed one (Sugriva) (by the distressed, by the sorrowful)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वालिनः (vālinaḥ) - of Vali (of Vali, from Vali)

• च (ca) - also (and, also)

• बलं (balaṁ) - strength (strength, power, might)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that context (there, in that place, in that matter)

• कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he recounted (he narrated, he told)

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey (Sugriva) (monkey, ape)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thence, from that, thereafter, then)

(indeclinable)

वानरराजेन (vānararājena) - by Sugriva, the monkey king (by the king of monkeys, by the monkey king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vānararāja

vānararāja - king of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+rājan)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

वैरानुकथनं (vairānukathanaṁ) - the account of his (Sugriva's) enmity (narration of enmity, account of hostility)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vairānukathana

vairānukathana - narration of enmity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaira+anukathana)

• vaira – enmity, hostility
  noun (neuter)
• anukathana – narration, recounting
  noun (neuter)
  derivation from anu-kath (to narrate)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: kath (class 10)

प्रति (prati) - concerning (towards, against, concerning, regarding)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a postposition with accusative.

रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rama (to Rama, for Rama)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name); pleasing, charming

आवेदितं (āveditaṁ) - reported (reported, informed, announced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āvedita

āvedita - reported, informed, announced

Past Passive Participle

derived from root vid (to know) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used predicatively.

सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - everything (all, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire

प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - out of affection (from affection, out of love, owing to familiarity)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of praṇaya

praṇaya - affection, love, devotion, familiarity

Prefix: pra

Root: nī (class 1)

दुःखितेन (duḥkhitena) - by the distressed one (Sugriva) (by the distressed, by the sorrowful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, sorrowful, suffering

Past Passive Participle

derived from root duḥkh (to suffer)

Root: duḥkh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vānararājena.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वालिनः (vālinaḥ) - of Vali (of Vali, from Vali)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vali (a proper name); having a tail

Note: Possessive genitive.

च (ca) - also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

बलं (balaṁ) - strength (strength, power, might)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might, force

Note: Object of kathayāmāsa.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that context (there, in that place, in that matter)

(indeclinable)

कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he recounted (he narrated, he told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of kathayāmāsa

Perfect tense

Periphrastic perfect of the 10th class root kath

Root: kath (class 10)

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey (Sugriva) (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of kathayāmāsa.