वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-3

चारित्रेण च को युक्तः सर्वभूतेषु को हितः ।
विद्वान् कः कः समर्थश्च कश्चैकप्रियदर्शनः ॥३॥

3. cāritreṇa ca ko yuktaḥ sarvabhūteṣu ko hitaḥ ,
vidvān kaḥ kaḥ samarthaśca kaścaikapriyadarśanaḥ.

3. cāritreṇa ca kaḥ yuktaḥ sarvabhūteṣu kaḥ hitaḥ
vidvān kaḥ kaḥ samarthaḥ ca kaḥ ca ekapriyadarśanaḥ

3. ca kaḥ cāritreṇa yuktaḥ kaḥ sarvabhūteṣu hitaḥ
kaḥ vidvān kaḥ samarthaḥ ca kaḥ ekapriyadarśanaḥ

3. And who is endowed with good character? Who is benevolent to all beings? Who is learned? Who is capable? And who is singularly pleasing to everyone's sight?

Words meanings summery:

• चारित्रेण (cāritreṇa) - endowed with excellent conduct (by character, by conduct, by good behavior)

• च (ca) - introduces a new question or quality (and)

• कः (kaḥ) - "Who is endowed..." (who)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with good character (joined, endowed with, possessed of, engaged in)

• सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - benevolent towards every living entity (in all beings, towards all creatures)

• कः (kaḥ) - "Who is beneficial..." (who)

• हितः (hitaḥ) - acts for the welfare of all (beneficial, friendly, suitable, placed)

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - highly intelligent and knowledgeable (learned, wise, knowing)

• कः (kaḥ) - "Who is learned...?" (who)

• कः (kaḥ) - "Who is capable...?" (who)

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - possessing ability and effectiveness (capable, competent, powerful, efficient)

• च (ca) - connects the various qualities (and)

• कः (kaḥ) - "And who is uniquely pleasing...?" (who)

• च (ca) - connects the qualities (and)

• एकप्रियदर्शनः (ekapriyadarśanaḥ) - possessing a universally attractive appearance (uniquely pleasing to look at, whose sight is always pleasant)

Words meanings and morphology

चारित्रेण (cāritreṇa) - endowed with excellent conduct (by character, by conduct, by good behavior)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of cāritra

cāritra - conduct, character, behavior, history

From `caritra` (conduct)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Means "with" or "by means of" good character.

च (ca) - introduces a new question or quality (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

कः (kaḥ) - "Who is endowed..." (who)

(interrogative pronoun)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with good character (joined, endowed with, possessed of, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, fit, proper, engaged in, endowed with, composed

Past Passive Participle

From root `yuj` (to join, to connect)

Root: yuj (class 7)

सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - benevolent towards every living entity (in all beings, towards all creatures)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound of `sarva` (all) and `bhūta` (being)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhū` (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to all living entities.

कः (kaḥ) - "Who is beneficial..." (who)

(interrogative pronoun)

हितः (hitaḥ) - acts for the welfare of all (beneficial, friendly, suitable, placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, friendly, suitable

Past Passive Participle

From root `dhā` (to place), with irregular past participle

Root: dhā (class 3)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - highly intelligent and knowledgeable (learned, wise, knowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - learned, wise, knowing

Past Active Participle

Nominative singular masculine of `vidvas`, derived from root `vid` (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - "Who is learned...?" (who)

(interrogative pronoun)

कः (kaḥ) - "Who is capable...?" (who)

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Repetition for emphasis on each quality.

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - possessing ability and effectiveness (capable, competent, powerful, efficient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - able, competent, capable, powerful

From `artha` (purpose) with prefix `sam`

Prefix: sam

Root: artha

च (ca) - connects the various qualities (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

कः (kaḥ) - "And who is uniquely pleasing...?" (who)

(interrogative pronoun)

च (ca) - connects the qualities (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एकप्रियदर्शनः (ekapriyadarśanaḥ) - possessing a universally attractive appearance (uniquely pleasing to look at, whose sight is always pleasant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekapriyadarśana

ekapriyadarśana - uniquely agreeable to the sight, whose appearance is beloved by all, charming

Compound of `eka` (one/unique) + `priya` (dear/pleasing) + `darśana` (sight/appearance)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+priya+darśana)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral (masculine)
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• darśana – sight, appearance, seeing, view
  noun (neuter)
  From root `dṛś` (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)