वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-29

मृते तु तस्मिन्भरतो वसिष्ठप्रमुखैर्द्विजैः ।
नियुज्यमानो राज्याय नैच्छद् राज्यं महाबलः ।
स जगाम वनं वीरो रामपादप्रसादकः ॥२९॥

29. mṛte tu tasminbharato vasiṣṭhapramukhairdvijaiḥ ,
niyujyamāno rājyāya naicchad rājyaṃ mahābalaḥ ,
sa jagāma vanaṃ vīro rāmapādaprasādakaḥ.

29. mṛte tu tasmin bharataḥ vasiṣṭhapramukhaiḥ
dvijaiḥ niyujyamānaḥ rājyāya
na aicchat rājyam mahābalaḥ saḥ
jagāma vanam vīraḥ rāmapādaprasādakaḥ

29. tasmin mṛte tu vasiṣṭhapramukhaiḥ
dvijaiḥ rājyāya niyujyamānaḥ mahābalaḥ
bharataḥ rājyam na aicchat saḥ
vīraḥ rāmapādaprasādakaḥ vanam jagāma

29. But when Dasharatha died, the mighty Bharata, though being appointed to the kingdom by the Brahmins (dvijaiḥ) led by Vasiṣṭha, did not desire the kingdom. That hero went to the forest, seeking to propitiate Rama's feet.

Words meanings summery:

• मृते (mṛte) - when (Dasharatha) died (having died, deceased, dead)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when he (Dasharatha) (in that, on that, to him, him)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata, Rama's brother (Bharata (proper name), one who is maintained, a supporter)

• वसिष्ठप्रमुखैः (vasiṣṭhapramukhaiḥ) - by those, i.e., Brahmins, headed by Vasiṣṭha (by those headed by Vasiṣṭha)

• द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by the Brahmins (dvijaiḥ) (by the twice-born, by Brahmins, by birds, by teeth)

• नियुज्यमानः (niyujyamānaḥ) - being appointed (to the kingdom) (being appointed, being engaged, being commanded)

• राज्याय (rājyāya) - for the position of kingdom/kingship (for the kingdom, to the kingdom)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - desired (desired, wished for)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, reign)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (Bharata) (very powerful, mighty, strong)

• सः (saḥ) - He (Bharata) (he, that)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went (went, has gone)

• वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood, grove)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (hero, brave man, warrior)

• रामपादप्रसादकः (rāmapādaprasādakaḥ) - seeking to propitiate Rama's feet (one who propitiates Rama's feet, one who seeks Rama's grace)

Words meanings and morphology

मृते (mṛte) - when (Dasharatha) died (having died, deceased, dead)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mṛ (to die) with suffix -ta.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Acts as a nominal phrase with 'tasmin' for 'when he died'.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when he (Dasharatha) (in that, on that, to him, him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Dasharatha.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata, Rama's brother (Bharata (proper name), one who is maintained, a supporter)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king or a person), supported, maintained

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

वसिष्ठप्रमुखैः (vasiṣṭhapramukhaiḥ) - by those, i.e., Brahmins, headed by Vasiṣṭha (by those headed by Vasiṣṭha)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vasiṣṭhapramukha

vasiṣṭhapramukha - headed by Vasiṣṭha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasiṣṭha+pramukha)

• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pramukha – foremost, chief, headed by
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from pra- + mukha (face/front)
  Prefix: pra

Note: Qualifies `dvijaiḥ`.

द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by the Brahmins (dvijaiḥ) (by the twice-born, by Brahmins, by birds, by teeth)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth

Derived from dvi (two) + ja (born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Here refers to members of the Brahmin class.

नियुज्यमानः (niyujyamānaḥ) - being appointed (to the kingdom) (being appointed, being engaged, being commanded)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyujyamāna

niyujyamāna - being appointed, being engaged, being directed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join, to employ) with prefix ni-, and suffix -māna.

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `bharataḥ`.

राज्याय (rājyāya) - for the position of kingdom/kingship (for the kingdom, to the kingdom)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

Derived from rājan (king) with suffix -ya.

Note: Indicates purpose.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `aicchat`.

ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - desired (desired, wished for)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of iṣ

Imperfect Active

Aorist-like formation of root iṣ, 4th class.

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to Bharata.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, reign)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

Derived from rājan (king) with suffix -ya.

Note: Object of `aicchat`.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (Bharata) (very powerful, mighty, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - greatly powerful, very strong, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `bharataḥ`.

सः (saḥ) - He (Bharata) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bharata.

जगाम (jagāma) - went (went, has gone)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect Active

Perfect tense form of root gam (1st class).

Root: gam (class 1)

वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood, grove)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, water, collection

Note: Object of motion for `jagāma`.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (hero, brave man, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, powerful, man

Note: Appositive to `saḥ` (Bharata).

रामपादप्रसादकः (rāmapādaprasādakaḥ) - seeking to propitiate Rama's feet (one who propitiates Rama's feet, one who seeks Rama's grace)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāmapādaprasādaka

rāmapādaprasādaka - one who propitiates Rama's feet, one who seeks Rama's grace

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāma+pāda+prasādaka)

• rāma – Rama (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāda – foot, leg, quarter
  noun (masculine)
• prasādaka – one who propitiates, one who causes grace/clearness
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root sad (to sit) with prefix pra- and suffix -aka (causative meaning 'to cause to be clear/gracious')
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ` (Bharata).