वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-1, verse-10

महोरस्को महेष्वासो गूढजत्रुररिंदमः ।
आजानुबाहुः सुशिराः सुललाटः सुविक्रमः ॥१०॥

10. mahorasko maheṣvāso gūḍhajatrurariṃdamaḥ ,
ājānubāhuḥ suśirāḥ sulalāṭaḥ suvikramaḥ.

10. mahoraskaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ gūḍhajatruḥ ariṃdamaḥ
ājānubāhuḥ suśirāḥ sulalāṭaḥ suvikramaḥ

10. mahoraskaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ gūḍhajatruḥ ariṃdamaḥ
ājānubāhuḥ suśirāḥ sulalāṭaḥ suvikramaḥ

10. He is broad-chested, a mighty archer, with concealed collarbones, and a subduer of enemies. His arms extend to his knees, he has a well-formed head, a beautiful forehead, and great valor.

Words meanings summery:

• महोरस्कः (mahoraskaḥ) - broad-chested, having a large chest

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - mighty archer, great bowman

• गूढजत्रुः (gūḍhajatruḥ) - with concealed collarbones (indicating muscular build)

• अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

• आजानुबाहुः (ājānubāhuḥ) - long-armed (arms reaching to the knees)

• सुशिराः (suśirāḥ) - well-headed, having a beautiful head

• सुललाटः (sulalāṭaḥ) - with a beautiful forehead

• सुविक्रमः (suvikramaḥ) - of great valor, swift in movement, powerful

Words meanings and morphology

महोरस्कः (mahoraskaḥ) - broad-chested, having a large chest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahoraska

mahoraska - broad-chested, having a large chest

Compound. 'mahā' (great) + 'uras' (chest) + 'ka' (suffix for adjectives). Derived from mahat + uras.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+uras)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - mighty archer, great bowman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - mighty archer, great bowman (one whose bow is great)

Compound. 'mahā' (great) + 'iṣvāsa' (bow, archer).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• iṣvāsa – bow; archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as an adjective.

गूढजत्रुः (gūḍhajatruḥ) - with concealed collarbones (indicating muscular build)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gūḍhajatru

gūḍhajatru - having concealed or hidden collarbones (a sign of beauty or robust physique)

Compound. 'gūḍha' (hidden, concealed) + 'jatru' (collarbone).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gūḍha+jatru)

• gūḍha – hidden, concealed, secret
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √guh (to hide)
  Root: guh (class 1)
• jatru – collarbone
  noun (neuter)

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

Compound. 'ari' (enemy) + 'dama' (subduer). Formed from 'dama' (root √dam - to subdue).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, self-control, subduer
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dam (to tame, subdue)
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective.

आजानुबाहुः (ājānubāhuḥ) - long-armed (arms reaching to the knees)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ājānubāhu

ājānubāhu - long-armed, having arms reaching to the knees (a mark of a great person)

Compound. 'ā' (unto, up to) + 'jānu' (knee) + 'bāhu' (arm).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ā+jānu+bāhu)

• ā – unto, up to, till
  indeclinable
• jānu – knee
  noun (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

सुशिराः (suśirāḥ) - well-headed, having a beautiful head

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suśiras

suśiras - well-headed, having a beautiful head

Compound. 'su' (good, beautiful) + 'śiras' (head).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+śiras)

• su – good, excellent, beautiful, well
  indeclinable
• śiras – head, top
  noun (neuter)

सुललाटः (sulalāṭaḥ) - with a beautiful forehead

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sulalāṭa

sulalāṭa - having a beautiful or good forehead

Compound. 'su' (good, beautiful) + 'lalāṭa' (forehead).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+lalāṭa)

• su – good, excellent, beautiful, well
  indeclinable
• lalāṭa – forehead
  noun (masculine/neuter)

सुविक्रमः (suvikramaḥ) - of great valor, swift in movement, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suvikrama

suvikrama - of great valor, very powerful, swift in movement, having good steps

Compound. 'su' (good, great) + 'vikrama' (valor, strength, step).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vikrama)

• su – good, excellent, beautiful, well
  indeclinable
• vikrama – valor, courage, strength, step, stride
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- √kram (to step, stride, prevail)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)