मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-9
गृहीता यद्बलात्कन्या जित्वा सर्वमहीक्षितः ।
तदर्थं युध्यमानोऽयं बद्ध एको न धर्मतः ॥९॥
तदर्थं युध्यमानोऽयं बद्ध एको न धर्मतः ॥९॥
9. gṛhītā yadbalātkanyā jitvā sarvamahīkṣitaḥ .
tadarthaṃ yudhyamāno'yaṃ baddha eko na dharmataḥ.
tadarthaṃ yudhyamāno'yaṃ baddha eko na dharmataḥ.
9.
gṛhītā yat balāt kanyā jitvā sarvamahīkṣitaḥ
tadartham yudhyamānaḥ ayam baddhaḥ ekaḥ na dharmataḥ
tadartham yudhyamānaḥ ayam baddhaḥ ekaḥ na dharmataḥ
9.
Because the maiden was taken by force, having defeated all the kings, he, fighting for her sake, was bound alone, and not in accordance with (natural) law (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गृहीता (gṛhītā) - seized, taken, captured
- यत् (yat) - that, which, because
- बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly
- कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl, daughter
- जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having defeated
- सर्वमहीक्षितः (sarvamahīkṣitaḥ) - all the kings, all the rulers of the earth
- तदर्थम् (tadartham) - for that purpose, for her sake
- युध्यमानः (yudhyamānaḥ) - fighting, warring
- अयम् (ayam) - he, this one
- बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, tied, imprisoned
- एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, solitary
- न (na) - not, no
- धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law (dharma), rightly, justly
Words meanings and morphology
गृहीता (gṛhītā) - seized, taken, captured
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of gṛhīta
gṛhīta - seized, taken, grasped, captured
Past Passive Participle
PPP of root grah (to seize, take).
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Qualifies 'kanyā'.
यत् (yat) - that, which, because
(indeclinable)
Relative pronoun used as a conjunction.
Note: Introduces the reason or context.
बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of bala
bala - force, strength, power
Note: Indicates the manner of taking the girl.
कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl, daughter
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā
kanyā - maiden, girl, virgin, daughter
Note: Subject of the clause 'gṛhītā'.
जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having defeated
(indeclinable)
absolutive/gerund
Derived from root ji (to conquer) with suffix -tvā.
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Relates to the action performed by the son before taking the girl.
सर्वमहीक्षितः (sarvamahīkṣitaḥ) - all the kings, all the rulers of the earth
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvamahīkṣit
sarvamahīkṣit - all kings, all rulers of the earth
Compound noun formed from sarva (all) and mahīkṣit (king).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+mahīkṣit)
- sarva – all, every, whole
adjective (masculine) - mahīkṣit – king, ruler of the earth
noun (masculine)
Compound from mahī (earth) and kṣit (ruler).
Note: Object of 'jitvā'.
तदर्थम् (tadartham) - for that purpose, for her sake
(indeclinable)
Compound adverb: tat (that) + artha (purpose).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tat+artha)
- tat – that
pronoun (neuter) - artha – purpose, meaning, for the sake of
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the maiden.
युध्यमानः (yudhyamānaḥ) - fighting, warring
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna
yudhyamāna - fighting, warring, engaging in battle
Present Participle (Ātmanepada)
Derived from root yudh (to fight) with the present participle suffix -māna.
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Qualifies 'ayam' (he/this one).
अयम् (ayam) - he, this one
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the son.
बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, tied, imprisoned
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of baddha
baddha - bound, tied, fettered, imprisoned
Past Passive Participle
PPP of root bandh (to bind).
Root: bandh (class 9)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'ayam'.
एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, solitary
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of eka
eka - one, single, alone, unique
Note: Qualifies 'ayam'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'dharmataḥ'.
धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law (dharma), rightly, justly
(indeclinable)
Derived from dharma (natural law) with the suffix -tas (indicating manner or cause).