मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-28
परैः पराजितोऽहं यत्कातरेयं यथाऽबला ।
किमत्र मानुषत्वं मे नैतस्या मम चान्तरम् ॥२८॥
किमत्र मानुषत्वं मे नैतस्या मम चान्तरम् ॥२८॥
28. paraiḥ parājito'haṃ yatkātareyaṃ yathā'balā .
kimatra mānuṣatvaṃ me naitasyā mama cāntaram.
kimatra mānuṣatvaṃ me naitasyā mama cāntaram.
28.
paraiḥ parājitaḥ aham yat kātarā iyam yathā abalā
kim atra mānuṣatvam me na etasyāḥ mama ca antaram
kim atra mānuṣatvam me na etasyāḥ mama ca antaram
28.
Because I have been defeated by enemies, I am helpless like a weak woman. What kind of manhood (manuṣyatva) do I possess? There is no difference between her and me.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies (by others, by enemies)
- पराजितः (parājitaḥ) - defeated (defeated, conquered)
- अहम् (aham) - I
- यत् (yat) - because (that, because, which)
- कातरा (kātarā) - helpless, weak (timid, fearful, weak)
- इयम् (iyam) - I (feminine, referring to the speaker identifying with a woman's state) (this (feminine))
- यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, just as)
- अबला (abalā) - a weak woman (weak woman, helpless woman)
- किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)
- अत्र (atra) - in this situation, here (here, in this matter)
- मानुषत्वम् (mānuṣatvam) - manhood (manuṣyatva) (manhood, human nature, humanity)
- मे (me) - my (to me, my, by me)
- न (na) - no (not, no)
- एतस्याः (etasyāḥ) - of her (of this (feminine))
- मम (mama) - my (my, of me)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अन्तरम् (antaram) - difference (difference, interval, interior)
Words meanings and morphology
परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies (by others, by enemies)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of para
para - other, alien, enemy, supreme
पराजितः (parājitaḥ) - defeated (defeated, conquered)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parājita
parājita - defeated, overcome, vanquished
Past Passive Participle
From root ji (जि) 'to conquer' with prefix parā-.
Prefix: parā
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'aham'.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
First person singular pronoun.
यत् (yat) - because (that, because, which)
(indeclinable)
Relative pronoun used as a conjunction.
Note: Acts as a causal conjunction here.
कातरा (kātarā) - helpless, weak (timid, fearful, weak)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kātara
kātara - timid, fearful, distressed, weak
Note: Qualifies 'iyam' (I, the speaker, identifying with a woman's state).
इयम् (iyam) - I (feminine, referring to the speaker identifying with a woman's state) (this (feminine))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to the speaker's state.
यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, just as)
(indeclinable)
Adverb of manner.
अबला (abalā) - a weak woman (weak woman, helpless woman)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of abalā
abalā - weak, feeble, woman (as weak by nature)
Feminine form of abala (weak). a (not) + bala (strength).
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+bala)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - bala – strength, power
noun (neuter)
Note: A woman who lacks strength.
किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of kim
kim - what?, who?, why?, whether
Interrogative pronoun/particle.
Note: Used here to question the nature of the manhood.
अत्र (atra) - in this situation, here (here, in this matter)
(indeclinable)
Locative adverb from idam.
मानुषत्वम् (mānuṣatvam) - manhood (manuṣyatva) (manhood, human nature, humanity)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of mānuṣatva
mānuṣatva - manhood, human state, human nature, humanity
Derived from mānuṣa (human) with suffix -tva (abstract noun).
मे (me) - my (to me, my, by me)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Enclitic genitive/dative of aham.
न (na) - no (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
एतस्याः (etasyāḥ) - of her (of this (feminine))
(pronoun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of etad
etad - this, this one
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to the woman mentioned in the previous verse.
मम (mama) - my (my, of me)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Genitive of aham.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
अन्तरम् (antaram) - difference (difference, interval, interior)
(noun)
neuter, singular of antara
antara - interval, difference, interior, middle