मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-57
परिपालनीयमखिलं चातुर्वर्ण्यं स्वधर्मतः ।
हन्तव्या दस्यवो म्लेच्छा ये चान्ये दुष्टचेष्टिताः ॥५७॥
हन्तव्या दस्यवो म्लेच्छा ये चान्ये दुष्टचेष्टिताः ॥५७॥
57. paripālanīyamakhilaṃ cāturvarṇyaṃ svadharmataḥ .
hantavyā dasyavo mlecchā ye cānye duṣṭaceṣṭitāḥ.
hantavyā dasyavo mlecchā ye cānye duṣṭaceṣṭitāḥ.
57.
paripālanīyam akhilam cāturvarṇyam svadharmataḥ
hantavyāḥ dasyavaḥ mlecchāḥ ye ca anye duṣṭaceṣṭitāḥ
hantavyāḥ dasyavaḥ mlecchāḥ ye ca anye duṣṭaceṣṭitāḥ
57.
The entire four-fold social order (cāturvarṇya) must be protected according to its own natural law (dharma). Moreover, robbers, barbarians (mleccha), and all others whose actions are wicked are to be slain.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- परिपालनीयम् (paripālanīyam) - to be protected, to be governed, to be preserved
- अखिलम् (akhilam) - entire, all, complete
- चातुर्वर्ण्यम् (cāturvarṇyam) - the four social orders/classes
- स्वधर्मतः (svadharmataḥ) - according to one's own natural law (dharma)
- हन्तव्याः (hantavyāḥ) - to be killed, to be slain
- दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - robbers, dacoits, enemies
- म्लेच्छाः (mlecchāḥ) - barbarians, foreigners
- ये (ye) - who, those who
- च (ca) - and
- अन्ये (anye) - others
- दुष्टचेष्टिताः (duṣṭaceṣṭitāḥ) - of wicked deeds, whose actions are evil
Words meanings and morphology
परिपालनीयम् (paripālanīyam) - to be protected, to be governed, to be preserved
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of paripālanīya
paripālanīya - to be protected, to be maintained, to be watched over
Future Passive Participle (Gerundive)
Root pā (to protect) with prefix pari + anīya (kṛtya suffix)
Prefix: pari
Root: pā (class 2)
अखिलम् (akhilam) - entire, all, complete
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of akhila
akhila - entire, whole, complete
A-type negation of khila (deficient)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+khila)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - khila – deficient, waste land
adjective
चातुर्वर्ण्यम् (cāturvarṇyam) - the four social orders/classes
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of cāturvarṇya
cāturvarṇya - the system of four castes/social orders
Taddhita derivative from caturvarṇa (four classes)
Compound type : dvigu (catur+varṇa)
- catur – four
numeral - varṇa – social class, color
noun (masculine)
स्वधर्मतः (svadharmataḥ) - according to one's own natural law (dharma)
(indeclinable)
Compound of sva (own) and dharma (duty/law) + tas (suffix for 'from/according to')
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)
- sva – own, self
pronoun - dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
हन्तव्याः (hantavyāḥ) - to be killed, to be slain
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hantavya
hantavya - to be killed, killable
Future Passive Participle (Gerundive)
Root han + tavya (kṛtya suffix)
Root: han (class 2)
दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - robbers, dacoits, enemies
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyu
dasyu - robber, brigand, barbarian, enemy
म्लेच्छाः (mlecchāḥ) - barbarians, foreigners
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mleccha
mleccha - foreigner, barbarian, one whose language is not Sanskrit
ये (ye) - who, those who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what, that
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अन्ये (anye) - others
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another
दुष्टचेष्टिताः (duṣṭaceṣṭitāḥ) - of wicked deeds, whose actions are evil
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of duṣṭaceṣṭita
duṣṭaceṣṭita - one whose actions are wicked
Compound of duṣṭa (wicked) and ceṣṭita (action)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (duṣṭa+ceṣṭita)
- duṣṭa – wicked, corrupted, evil
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Root duṣ + kta
Root: duṣ (class 4) - ceṣṭita – action, activity, deed
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
Root ceṣṭ + kta
Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)