मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-53
समुपेत्य स तां प्राह दूतोऽहं पार्थिवात्मजे ।
प्रेषितस्त्रिदशैस्तुभ्यं यत्कार्यं तन्निशामय ॥५३॥
प्रेषितस्त्रिदशैस्तुभ्यं यत्कार्यं तन्निशामय ॥५३॥
53. samupetya sa tāṃ prāha dūto'haṃ pārthivātmaje .
preṣitastridaśaistubhyaṃ yatkāryaṃ tanniśāmaya.
preṣitastridaśaistubhyaṃ yatkāryaṃ tanniśāmaya.
53.
samupetya saḥ tām prāha dūtaḥ aham pārthivātmaje
preṣitaḥ tridaśaiḥ tubhyam yat kāryam tat niśāmaya
preṣitaḥ tridaśaiḥ tubhyam yat kāryam tat niśāmaya
53.
Approaching her, he said, 'O princess, I am a messenger sent to you by the gods. Listen to what is to be conveyed (the task).'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- समुपेत्य (samupetya) - having approached, having come near
- सः (saḥ) - The divine messenger (he, that (masculine))
- ताम् (tām) - The princess (her, that (feminine accusative))
- प्राह (prāha) - he said, he spoke
- दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger, envoy
- अहम् (aham) - The messenger speaking (I (first person singular pronoun))
- पार्थिवात्मजे (pārthivātmaje) - Addressing the princess (O daughter of a king! O princess!)
- प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - The messenger who has been sent (sent, dispatched)
- त्रिदशैः (tridaśaiḥ) - The agents who sent the messenger (by the gods, by the celestials)
- तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - To the princess (to you, for you (second person singular pronoun))
- यत् (yat) - whatever (message/task) (which, what, whatever)
- कार्यम् (kāryam) - the message, the instruction (to be done, duty, task, business)
- तत् (tat) - That message/task (that (neuter))
- निशामय (niśāmaya) - Listen to (the message) (observe, perceive, listen, understand)
Words meanings and morphology
समुपेत्य (samupetya) - having approached, having come near
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
From root i (to go) with prefixes sam and upa + lyap suffix
Prefixes: sam+upa
Root: i (class 2)
सः (saḥ) - The divine messenger (he, that (masculine))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of 'prāha'
ताम् (tām) - The princess (her, that (feminine accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, he, it
Note: Object of 'prāha'
प्राह (prāha) - he said, he spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of prahā
root verb
From root ah (to say) with prefix pra. Perfect tense.
Prefix: pra
Root: ah (class 2)
दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger, envoy
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dūta
dūta - messenger, envoy, ambassador
From root dū (to go) + kta suffix
Root: dū (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative for 'aham'
अहम् (aham) - The messenger speaking (I (first person singular pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
First person pronoun
Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'asmi' (am)
पार्थिवात्मजे (pārthivātmaje) - Addressing the princess (O daughter of a king! O princess!)
(noun)
Vocative, feminine, singular of pārthivātmajā
pārthivātmajā - daughter of a king, princess
Compound from pārthiva (king) and ātmajā (daughter)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārthiva+ātmajā)
- pārthiva – king, sovereign; earthly
noun (masculine)
From pṛthivī (earth) - ātmajā – daughter
noun (feminine)
From ātman (self) + jan (to be born) + feminine suffix ā
Root: jan (class 4)
प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - The messenger who has been sent (sent, dispatched)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of preṣita
preṣita - sent, dispatched, impelled
Past Passive Participle
From root iṣ (to send) with prefix pra, in causative form 'preṣaya', then ppp
Prefix: pra
Root: iṣ (class 4)
Note: Used adjectivally
त्रिदशैः (tridaśaiḥ) - The agents who sent the messenger (by the gods, by the celestials)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tridaśa
tridaśa - god, deity (lit. 'three-ten', referring to the 33 gods)
Dvigu/Karmadhāraya compound
Compound type : dvigu (tri+daśa)
- tri – three
numeral (neuter) - daśa – ten
numeral (neuter)
Note: Agent in passive construction ('preṣitaḥ')
तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - To the princess (to you, for you (second person singular pronoun))
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (singular or plural)
Second person pronoun
Note: Recipient of the sending
यत् (yat) - whatever (message/task) (which, what, whatever)
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, whatever
Relative pronoun
Note: Refers to 'kāryam'
कार्यम् (kāryam) - the message, the instruction (to be done, duty, task, business)
(noun)
neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, task, business, purpose
gerundive (future passive participle)
From root kṛ (to do) + ṇyat suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Functions as a noun here
तत् (tat) - That message/task (that (neuter))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun
Note: Object of 'niśāmaya'. Correlative to 'yat'
निशामय (niśāmaya) - Listen to (the message) (observe, perceive, listen, understand)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Lot) of niśāmaya
causative imperative
From root śam (to be quiet, calm) with prefix ni. Causative stem 'śāmaya'. Imperative.
Prefix: ni
Root: śam (class 4)