मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-29
स्वतन्त्रता मनुष्याणां परतन्त्रा सदाऽबला ।
नरोऽपि परतन्त्रो यस्तस्य कीदृङ्मनुष्यता ॥२९॥
नरोऽपि परतन्त्रो यस्तस्य कीदृङ्मनुष्यता ॥२९॥
29. svatantratā manuṣyāṇāṃ paratantrā sadā'balā .
naro'pi paratantro yastasya kīdṛṅmanuṣyatā.
naro'pi paratantro yastasya kīdṛṅmanuṣyatā.
29.
svatantratā manuṣyāṇām paratantrā sadā abalā
naraḥ api paratantraḥ yaḥ tasya kīdṛk manuṣyatā
naraḥ api paratantraḥ yaḥ tasya kīdṛk manuṣyatā
29.
Independence (svatantratā) belongs to human beings; a weak woman is always dependent. So, what kind of manhood (manuṣyatā) does a man (nara) have who is himself dependent?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्वतन्त्रता (svatantratā) - independence (svatantratā) (independence, freedom, self-reliance)
- मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of human beings (of men, of human beings)
- परतन्त्रा (paratantrā) - dependent (dependent, subjected to others)
- सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)
- अबला (abalā) - a weak woman (weak woman, helpless woman)
- नरः (naraḥ) - a man (nara) (man, person)
- अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
- परतन्त्रः (paratantraḥ) - dependent (dependent, subjected to others)
- यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)
- तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)
- कीदृक् (kīdṛk) - what kind of (what kind of, of what sort)
- मनुष्यता (manuṣyatā) - manhood (manuṣyatā) (manhood, humanity, human nature)
Words meanings and morphology
स्वतन्त्रता (svatantratā) - independence (svatantratā) (independence, freedom, self-reliance)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of svatantratā
svatantratā - independence, freedom, self-reliance
From svatantra (independent) + suffix -tā (abstract noun).
मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of human beings (of men, of human beings)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya
manuṣya - man, human being, person
परतन्त्रा (paratantrā) - dependent (dependent, subjected to others)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of paratantra
paratantra - dependent, subjugated, under the power of another
Compound: para (other) + tantra (rule, system, control).
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+tantra)
- para – other, another
adjective (masculine/neuter) - tantra – system, rule, doctrine, string
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies abalā.
सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)
(indeclinable)
Adverb of time.
अबला (abalā) - a weak woman (weak woman, helpless woman)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of abalā
abalā - weak, feeble, woman (as weak by nature)
Feminine form of abala (weak). a (not) + bala (strength).
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+bala)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - bala – strength, power
noun (neuter)
Note: Used here as a noun.
नरः (naraḥ) - a man (nara) (man, person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, human, hero
Root: nṛ
अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
Particle.
परतन्त्रः (paratantraḥ) - dependent (dependent, subjected to others)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of paratantra
paratantra - dependent, subjugated, under the power of another
Compound: para (other) + tantra (rule, system, control).
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+tantra)
- para – other, another
adjective (masculine/neuter) - tantra – system, rule, doctrine, string
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies yaḥ.
यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Relative pronoun.
Note: Refers to naraḥ.
तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, that one
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to the dependent man.
कीदृक् (kīdṛk) - what kind of (what kind of, of what sort)
(adjective)
Nominative, singular of kīdṛś
kīdṛś - what sort of, what kind of, like what
Interrogative adjective. The final ś becomes k by sandhi before m.
Note: Qualifies manuṣyatā.
मनुष्यता (manuṣyatā) - manhood (manuṣyatā) (manhood, humanity, human nature)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of manuṣyatā
manuṣyatā - manhood, humanity, human nature, quality of a man
Derived from manuṣya (human) with suffix -tā (abstract noun).