मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-34
एको बहूनां युद्धाय गजानामिव केसरी ।
यत्संस्थितः परं शौर्यं तेनास्य प्रकटीकृतम् ॥३४॥
यत्संस्थितः परं शौर्यं तेनास्य प्रकटीकृतम् ॥३४॥
34. eko bahūnāṃ yuddhāya gajānāmiva kesarī .
yatsaṃsthitaḥ paraṃ śauryaṃ tenāsya prakaṭīkṛtam.
yatsaṃsthitaḥ paraṃ śauryaṃ tenāsya prakaṭīkṛtam.
34.
ekaḥ bahūnām yuddhāya gajānām iva kesarī yat
saṃsthitaḥ param śauryam tena asya prakaṭīkṛtam
saṃsthitaḥ param śauryam tena asya prakaṭīkṛtam
34.
He was like a single lion facing many elephants in battle. Since he stood firm, his supreme valor was demonstrated by him.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एकः (ekaḥ) - one (warrior) (one, a single (person))
- बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - of many
- युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for fighting
- गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants
- इव (iva) - like, as, as if
- केसरी (kesarī) - a lion
- यत् (yat) - since (since, because, that which)
- संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - stood firm (established, situated, firm, standing)
- परम् (param) - supreme, excellent, highest
- शौर्यम् (śauryam) - valor, heroism, bravery
- तेन (tena) - by him
- अस्य (asya) - of this (one), his
- प्रकटीकृतम् (prakaṭīkṛtam) - was made manifest, displayed, revealed
Words meanings and morphology
एकः (ekaḥ) - one (warrior) (one, a single (person))
(numeral)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).
बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - of many
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of bahu
bahu - many, much, numerous
Note: Qualifies 'gajānām'.
युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for fighting
(noun)
Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Past Passive Participle (originally)
Derived from root 'yudh' (to fight); functions as a noun here.
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Indicates purpose.
गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of gaja
gaja - elephant
Note: Implies a battle against elephants.
इव (iva) - like, as, as if
(indeclinable)
केसरी (kesarī) - a lion
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kesarin
kesarin - lion (literally, one having a mane)
Note: The object of comparison for the warrior.
यत् (yat) - since (since, because, that which)
(indeclinable)
Used as a subordinating conjunction.
संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - stood firm (established, situated, firm, standing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsthita
saṁsthita - standing, situated, firm, established
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'sam'
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Refers to the warrior's steadfastness.
परम् (param) - supreme, excellent, highest
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of para
para - supreme, highest, excellent, other
Note: Qualifies 'śauryaṃ'.
शौर्यम् (śauryam) - valor, heroism, bravery
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śaurya
śaurya - valor, heroism, bravery
Abstract noun from 'śūra' (hero).
Note: Subject of 'prakaṭīkṛtam'.
तेन (tena) - by him
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Agent with passive verb 'prakaṭīkṛtam', referring to the warrior.
अस्य (asya) - of this (one), his
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Possessive genitive, qualifies 'śauryaṃ'.
प्रकटीकृतम् (prakaṭīkṛtam) - was made manifest, displayed, revealed
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of prakaṭīkṛta
prakaṭīkṛta - manifested, displayed, revealed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from 'prakaṭī-kṛ' (to make manifest); 'kaṭī' is part of the denominative stem 'prakaṭī-'.
Prefix: pra
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Acts as the main verb in a passive construction with 'śauryaṃ' as subject.