मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-3
केचिदूचुर्महीपाला वध्याः सर्वे महीभृतः ।
यैरेकः संयुगे बद्धः समस्तैस्तैरधर्मतः ॥३॥
यैरेकः संयुगे बद्धः समस्तैस्तैरधर्मतः ॥३॥
3. kecidūcurmahīpālā vadhyāḥ sarve mahībhṛtaḥ .
yairekaḥ saṃyuge baddhaḥ samastaistairadharmataḥ.
yairekaḥ saṃyuge baddhaḥ samastaistairadharmataḥ.
3.
kecit ūcuḥ mahīpālāḥ vadhyāḥ sarve mahībhṛtaḥ yaiḥ
ekaḥ saṃyuge baddhaḥ samastaiḥ taiḥ adharmataḥ
ekaḥ saṃyuge baddhaḥ samastaiḥ taiḥ adharmataḥ
3.
Some kings declared, 'All those kings by whom that one (king) was collectively and unjustly, against the natural law (dharma), captured in battle should be executed.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- केचित् (kecit) - some, certain
- ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
- महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth
- वध्याः (vadhyāḥ) - to be killed, executable, worthy of death
- सर्वे (sarve) - all, every
- महीभृतः (mahībhṛtaḥ) - of the kings, by the kings (genitive/ablative plural)
- यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom (plural, masculine/neuter)
- एकः (ekaḥ) - one (king)
- संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat
- बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - captured, bound, tied
- समस्तैः (samastaiḥ) - by all, by all together
- तैः (taiḥ) - by them
- अधर्मतः (adharmataḥ) - unjustly, unrighteously, against dharma
Words meanings and morphology
केचित् (kecit) - some, certain
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kimcid
kimcid - some, a certain
Note: From kim-cid, declined as an adjective.
ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect Active
3rd plural Perfect Active
Root: vac (class 2)
महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mahīpāla
mahīpāla - king, earth-protector
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)
- mahī – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - pāla – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
Root: pā (class 2)
वध्याः (vadhyāḥ) - to be killed, executable, worthy of death
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhya
vadhya - to be killed, to be struck down
Gerundive
From root vadh (to strike, kill), suffix -ya, meaning 'to be killed/struck'
Root: vadh (class 1)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective here.
सर्वे (sarve) - all, every
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Agrees with mahībhṛtaḥ.
महीभृतः (mahībhṛtaḥ) - of the kings, by the kings (genitive/ablative plural)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of mahībhṛt
mahībhṛt - king, ruler, literally 'earth-bearer'
From mahī (earth) + bhṛt (bearer, from root bhṛ - to bear/support)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+bhṛt)
- mahī – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - bhṛt – bearer, supporter
noun (masculine)
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
Note: Here in a genitive of agent sense, 'by all among the kings'.
यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom (plural, masculine/neuter)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Refers to the 'mahībhṛtaḥ'.
एकः (ekaḥ) - one (king)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of eka
eka - one, a certain, singular
Note: Refers to the king who was captured.
संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga
saṁyuga - battle, combat, union, conjunction
Prefix: sam
Root: yuj (class 7)
बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - captured, bound, tied
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of baddha
baddha - bound, tied, captive
Past Passive Participle
From root bandh (to bind), suffix -ta, meaning 'bound/captured'
Root: bandh (class 9)
Note: Qualifies 'ekaḥ'.
समस्तैः (samastaiḥ) - by all, by all together
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of samasta
samasta - all, entire, whole
From sam-as (to throw together, combine)
Prefix: sam
Root: as (class 4)
Note: Agrees with 'taiḥ'.
तैः (taiḥ) - by them
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
3rd person pronoun
Note: Refers to the kings who captured.
अधर्मतः (adharmataḥ) - unjustly, unrighteously, against dharma
(indeclinable)
From adharma (unrighteousness) + suffix -tas (meaning 'from, by way of')
Note: Qualifies the action of capturing.