मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-121, verse-2
तमधर्मेण तनयं बद्धं श्रुत्वा महीपतिः ।
समन्तैः पृथिवीपालैश्चिरं दध्यौ महामुने ॥२॥
समन्तैः पृथिवीपालैश्चिरं दध्यौ महामुने ॥२॥
2. tamadharmeṇa tanayaṃ baddhaṃ śrutvā mahīpatiḥ .
samantaiḥ pṛthivīpālaiściraṃ dadhyau mahāmune.
samantaiḥ pṛthivīpālaiściraṃ dadhyau mahāmune.
2.
taṃ adharmeṇa tanayaṃ baddhaṃ śrutvā mahīpatiḥ
samantaiḥ pṛthivīpālaiḥ ciraṃ dadhyau mahāmune
samantaiḥ pṛthivīpālaiḥ ciraṃ dadhyau mahāmune
2.
O great sage (mahāmuni), having heard that his son had been imprisoned by an act of unrighteousness (adharma), the king (mahīpati) deliberated for a long time with all the surrounding rulers (pṛthivīpāla).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तं (taṁ) - (that son) (him, that)
- अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice
- तनयं (tanayaṁ) - son
- बद्धं (baddhaṁ) - bound, imprisoned
- श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard
- महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth
- समन्तैः (samantaiḥ) - (by all surrounding rulers) (by all, by those around)
- पृथिवीपालैः (pṛthivīpālaiḥ) - by protectors of the earth, by kings
- चिरं (ciraṁ) - for a long time
- दध्यौ (dadhyau) - meditated, thought, deliberated
- महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage
Words meanings and morphology
तं (taṁ) - (that son) (him, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Agrees with 'tanayaṃ'.
अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma
adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law
Negative compound 'a-dharma'
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Indicates the means or cause of being bound.
तनयं (tanayaṁ) - son
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tanaya
tanaya - son
from root 'tan' (to procreate)
Root: tan (class 8)
Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.
बद्धं (baddhaṁ) - bound, imprisoned
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of baddha
baddha - bound, tied, imprisoned
Past Passive Participle
From root bandh (to bind)
Root: bandh (class 9)
Note: Agrees with 'tanayaṃ'.
श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix -tvā
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb 'dadhyau'.
महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati
mahīpati - king, lord of the earth
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)
- mahī – earth
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of 'dadhyau'.
समन्तैः (samantaiḥ) - (by all surrounding rulers) (by all, by those around)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of samanta
samanta - all around, contiguous, neighboring, all
Prefix: sam
Root: anta
Note: Agrees with 'pṛthivīpālaiḥ'.
पृथिवीपालैः (pṛthivīpālaiḥ) - by protectors of the earth, by kings
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛthivīpāla
pṛthivīpāla - protector of the earth, king
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pāla)
- pṛthivī – earth
noun (feminine) - pāla – protector, guardian (agent noun from √pā)
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
From root 'pā' (to protect)
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Indicates companionship or agency.
चिरं (ciraṁ) - for a long time
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb of duration.
दध्यौ (dadhyau) - meditated, thought, deliberated
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dhyā
Perfect Tense (Lit)
root 'dhyā', perfect tense, 3rd person singular active
Root: dhyā (class 1)
महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni
mahāmuni - great sage
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)
- mahā – great, mighty
adjective - muni – sage, ascetic
noun (masculine)
Note: Address to Mārkaṇḍeya.