महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-18, verse-49

पादाता निहता भूमौ शिश्यिरे रुधिरोक्षिताः ।
संभग्ना इव वातेन कर्णिकाराः सुपुष्पिताः ॥४९॥

49. pādātā nihatā bhūmau śiśyire rudhirokṣitāḥ ,
saṁbhagnā iva vātena karṇikārāḥ supuṣpitāḥ.

49. padātāḥ nihatāḥ bhūmau śiśyire rudhirokṣitāḥ
saṃbhagnāḥ iva vātena karṇikārāḥ supuṣpitāḥ

49. nihatāḥ rudhirokṣitāḥ padātāḥ bhūmau śiśyire
vātena saṃbhagnāḥ supuṣpitāḥ karṇikārāḥ iva

49. The slain foot soldiers, smeared with blood, lay on the ground like fully blossomed karṇikāra trees broken by the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• पदाताः (padātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• शिश्यिरे (śiśyire) - they lay, they rested

• रुधिरोक्षिताः (rudhirokṣitāḥ) - smeared with blood, sprinkled with blood

• संभग्नाः (saṁbhagnāḥ) - broken, shattered, crushed

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वातेन (vātena) - by the wind

• कर्णिकाराः (karṇikārāḥ) - karṇikāra trees

• सुपुष्पिताः (supuṣpitāḥ) - well-flowered, in full bloom

Words meanings and morphology

पदाताः (padātāḥ) - foot soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of padāta

padāta - foot soldier, infantryman

From padā (by foot) + ata (going).

Root: at (class 1)

Note: Subject of śiśyire

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifying padātāḥ

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Location of lying

शिश्यिरे (śiśyire) - they lay, they rested

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of śī

Perfect Middle 3rd plural

From root √śī (class 2) in Perfect (liṭ) Tense, 3rd person plural middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: śī (class 2)

रुधिरोक्षिताः (rudhirokṣitāḥ) - smeared with blood, sprinkled with blood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rudhirokṣita

rudhirokṣita - smeared with blood, sprinkled with blood

Compound of rudhira (blood) and ukṣita (sprinkled).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rudhira+ukṣita)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rudh (class 7)
• ukṣita – sprinkled, wet, moistened
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ukṣ (to sprinkle).
  Root: ukṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifying padātāḥ

संभग्नाः (saṁbhagnāḥ) - broken, shattered, crushed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃbhagna

saṁbhagna - broken, shattered, completely broken

Past Passive Participle

From root √bhañj (to break) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Qualifying karṇikārāḥ in the simile

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

वातेन (vātena) - by the wind

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāta

vāta - wind, air

From root √vā (to blow).

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Agent of action 'broken by'

कर्णिकाराः (karṇikārāḥ) - karṇikāra trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of karṇikāra

karṇikāra - The Karṇikāra tree (Cassia fistula), known for its beautiful yellow flowers.

Note: Subject of comparison with padātāḥ

सुपुष्पिताः (supuṣpitāḥ) - well-flowered, in full bloom

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of supuṣpita

supuṣpita - well-flowered, in full bloom, bearing beautiful flowers

Past Passive Participle

From root √puṣp (to flower) with prefix su- (well, good).

Prefix: su

Root: puṣp (class 1)

Note: Qualifying karṇikārāḥ