महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-18, verse-43

स वध्यमानः समरे पदातिगणसंवृतः ।
न चचाल रथोपस्थे मैनाक इव पर्वतः ॥४३॥

43. sa vadhyamānaḥ samare padātigaṇasaṁvṛtaḥ ,
na cacāla rathopasthe maināka iva parvataḥ.

43. saḥ vadhyamānaḥ samare padātigaṇasaṃvṛtaḥ
na cacāla rathopasthe maināka iva parvataḥ

43. saḥ samare vadhyamānaḥ padātigaṇasaṃvṛtaḥ
rathopasthe mainākaḥ parvataḥ iva na cacāla

43. Though being struck in battle and surrounded by hordes of foot-soldiers, he (Bhima) did not stir from his chariot platform (rathopastha), just like Mount Mainaka.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Bhima) (he, that one)

• वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being struck, being killed, being wounded

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• पदातिगणसंवृतः (padātigaṇasaṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded by a multitude of foot-soldiers

• न (na) - not

• चचाल (cacāla) - he moved, he stirred

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the chariot platform/seat

• मैनाक (maināka) - Mainaka (name of a mountain)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - a mountain

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Bhima) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhima.

वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being struck, being killed, being wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being struck, being killed, being wounded

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √vadh (to strike, kill).

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

पदातिगणसंवृतः (padātigaṇasaṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded by a multitude of foot-soldiers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padātigaṇasaṃvṛta

padātigaṇasaṁvṛta - surrounded by an army of foot-soldiers

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (padātigaṇa+saṃvṛta)

• padātigaṇa – multitude of foot-soldiers, infantry group
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: padāti (foot-soldier) + gaṇa (multitude)
• saṃvṛta – covered, surrounded, concealed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, enclose) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'cacāla'.

चचाल (cacāla) - he moved, he stirred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of cal

Perfect Active 3rd Singular

Root: cal (class 1)

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the chariot platform/seat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot platform, part of a chariot

Compound ratha + upastha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, private parts, part of a chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Position where he remained.

मैनाक (maināka) - Mainaka (name of a mountain)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maināka

maināka - Mainaka (a mythological mountain, son of Himavat and Menā)

Note: Used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - a mountain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Note: Qualifies Mainaka, describing it as a mountain.