महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-18, verse-39

तेषामापततां तत्र संहृष्टानां परस्परम् ।
संमर्दः सुमहाञ्जज्ञे घोररूपो भयानकः ॥३९॥

39. teṣāmāpatatāṁ tatra saṁhṛṣṭānāṁ parasparam ,
saṁmardaḥ sumahāñjajñe ghorarūpo bhayānakaḥ.

39. teṣām āpatatām tatra saṃhṛṣṭānām parasparam
saṃmardaḥ sumahān jajñe ghorarūpaḥ bhayānakaḥ

39. tatra parasparam āpatatām saṃhṛṣṭānām teṣām
sumahān ghorarūpaḥ bhayānakaḥ saṃmardaḥ jajñe

39. As they rushed forth, joyful and clashing against each other, a truly immense, dreadful, and terrifying conflict erupted there.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those warriors mentioned previously (of them, their)

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those rushing towards, attacking, falling upon

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• संहृष्टानाम् (saṁhṛṣṭānām) - of the very joyful, greatly delighted, excited

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, against each other, reciprocally

• संमर्दः (saṁmardaḥ) - great crush, tumultuous rush, conflict, battle

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly large/mighty

• जज्ञे (jajñe) - arose, was born, happened, took place

• घोररूपः (ghorarūpaḥ) - fearful in form, terrible-looking, having a dreadful appearance

• भयानकः (bhayānakaḥ) - terrifying, dreadful, fearful

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those warriors mentioned previously (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those rushing towards, attacking, falling upon

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - rushing towards, attacking, falling upon

Present Active Participle

From the root 'pat' (to fall, fly, go) with the prefix 'ā' (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Formed from the pronoun 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-tra' indicating place.

संहृष्टानाम् (saṁhṛṣṭānām) - of the very joyful, greatly delighted, excited

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of saṃhṛṣṭa

saṁhṛṣṭa - very joyful, greatly delighted, excited

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'hṛṣ' (to be excited, rejoice) with the prefix 'sam' (intensifying).

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, against each other, reciprocally

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'para' (other) and 'apara' (other) denoting mutuality. Often used adverbially.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (para+apara)

• para – other, another, supreme, distant
  adjective (masculine)
• apara – other, another, subsequent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially here.

संमर्दः (saṁmardaḥ) - great crush, tumultuous rush, conflict, battle

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃmarda

saṁmarda - crush, conflict, tumultuous rush, great pressure, struggle

From the root 'mṛd' (to crush, trample) with the prefix 'sam' (together, completely).

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛd (class 9)

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly large/mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, exceedingly large, mighty, excellent

Compound of the intensifying prefix 'su' (very, good) and 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty, important, noble
  adjective (masculine)

जज्ञे (jajñe) - arose, was born, happened, took place

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of jan

Perfect, 3rd Person Singular

Perfect tense, middle voice form of the root 'jan'.

Root: jan (class 4)

घोररूपः (ghorarūpaḥ) - fearful in form, terrible-looking, having a dreadful appearance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghorarūpa

ghorarūpa - fearful in form, terrible-looking, having a dreadful appearance

Compound of 'ghora' (terrible) and 'rūpa' (form, appearance).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – terrible, dreadful, fearful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

भयानकः (bhayānakaḥ) - terrifying, dreadful, fearful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhayānaka

bhayānaka - terrifying, dreadful, fearful, horrible

Derived from 'bhaya' (fear) with the suffix '-ānaka'.