महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-18, verse-3

मद्रराजे महाराज वित्रस्ताः शरविक्षताः ।
अनाथा नाथमिच्छन्तो मृगाः सिंहार्दिता इव ॥३॥

3. madrarāje mahārāja vitrastāḥ śaravikṣatāḥ ,
anāthā nāthamicchanto mṛgāḥ siṁhārditā iva.

3. madrarāje mahārāja vitrastāḥ śaravikṣatāḥ
anāthāḥ nātham icchantaḥ mṛgāḥ siṃhārdditāḥ iva

3. mahārāja madrarāje,
vitrastāḥ śaravikṣatāḥ anāthāḥ (vayam) siṃhārdditāḥ mṛgāḥ iva nātham icchantaḥ (smaḥ)

3. O great King, lord of Madra, we are terrified and pierced by arrows, helpless, longing for a protector, just like deer afflicted by a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रराजे (madrarāje) - Address to the King of Madra, Śalya. (O King of Madra)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Address to the King of Madra, Śalya. (O great king)

• वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified, greatly frightened

• शरविक्षताः (śaravikṣatāḥ) - wounded by arrows, pierced by arrows

• अनाथाः (anāthāḥ) - helpless, without a protector

• नाथम् (nātham) - a protector, a lord

• इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, seeking

• मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

• सिंहार्द्दिताः (siṁhārdditāḥ) - afflicted by a lion, attacked by a lion

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रराजे (madrarāje) - Address to the King of Madra, Śalya. (O King of Madra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - King of Madra (a kingdom in ancient India)

Compound of 'madra' (name of a country) and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja)

• madra – Name of a country or people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Address to the King of Madra, Śalya. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified, greatly frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vitrasta

vitrasta - terrified, frightened, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix 'vi' + root √tras (to tremble, be afraid) + kta (past participle suffix).

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

शरविक्षताः (śaravikṣatāḥ) - wounded by arrows, pierced by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaravikṣata

śaravikṣata - wounded by arrows

Compound of 'śara' (arrow) and 'vikṣata' (wounded).

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (śara+vikṣata)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ
• vikṣata – wounded, hurt, injured, broken
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from prefix 'vi' + root √kṣan (to hurt, wound) + kta (past participle suffix).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṣan (class 1)

अनाथाः (anāthāḥ) - helpless, without a protector

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anātha

anātha - without a lord, helpless, unprotected, orphaned

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'nātha' (lord, protector).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nātha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nātha – lord, master, protector, refuge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nāth (class 1)

नाथम् (nātham) - a protector, a lord

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nātha

nātha - lord, master, protector, refuge

Root: nāth (class 1)

इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, seeking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √iṣ (to wish, desire) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, antelope, wild animal

Root: mṛj (class 2)

सिंहार्द्दिताः (siṁhārdditāḥ) - afflicted by a lion, attacked by a lion

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siṃhārddita

siṁhārddita - afflicted by a lion, attacked by a lion

Compound of 'siṃha' (lion) and 'ārddita' (afflicted, distressed, tormented).

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (siṃha+ārddita)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• ārddita – afflicted, distressed, tormented, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛd (to pain, afflict) + kta (past participle suffix) with 'ā' prefix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛd (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)