महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-18, verse-13

दृष्ट्वा तु कौरवं सैन्यं भयत्रस्तं प्रविद्रुतम् ।
अन्योन्यं समभाषन्त पाञ्चालाः पाण्डवैः सह ॥१३॥

13. dṛṣṭvā tu kauravaṁ sainyaṁ bhayatrastaṁ pravidrutam ,
anyonyaṁ samabhāṣanta pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha.

13. dṛṣṭvā tu kauravam sainyam bhayatrastam pravidrutam
anyonyam samabhāṣanta pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha

13. tu bhayatrastam pravidrutam kauravam sainyam dṛṣṭvā
pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha anyonyam samabhāṣanta

13. But having seen the Kaurava army, terrified by fear (bhayatrasta) and thoroughly routed, the Pañcālas conversed with each other along with the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• कौरवम् (kauravam) - the Kaurava (army) (related to the Kauravas, Kaurava)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• भयत्रस्तम् (bhayatrastam) - terrified by fear, fearful

• प्रविद्रुतम् (pravidrutam) - thoroughly fled, completely routed

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, to each other, among themselves

• समभाषन्त (samabhāṣanta) - they conversed, they spoke together

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcālas

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pāṇḍavas

• सह (saha) - with, together with

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root 'dṛś' (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or contrast.

कौरवम् (kauravam) - the Kaurava (army) (related to the Kauravas, Kaurava)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, related to the Kauravas

Derived from Kuru.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force

From 'senā' (army).

भयत्रस्तम् (bhayatrastam) - terrified by fear, fearful

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+trasta)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• trasta – frightened, terrified
  participle (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From root 'tras' (to tremble, fear).
  Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sainyam'.

प्रविद्रुतम् (pravidrutam) - thoroughly fled, completely routed

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pravidruta

pravidruta - thoroughly fled, completely routed

past passive participle

From root 'dru' (to run) with prefixes 'pra' and 'vi'.

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sainyam'.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, to each other, among themselves

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonya

anyonya - one another, mutual, reciprocal

Note: Acts adverbially.

समभाषन्त (samabhāṣanta) - they conversed, they spoke together

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of sam-bhāṣ

Prefix: sam

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Root 'bhāṣ' is ātmanepadi. 'a-' augment for imperfect.

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcālas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or person from the Pañcāla country

Derived from Pañcāla (name of a country/tribe).

Note: Subject of 'samabhāṣanta'.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu (father of the five Pāṇḍavas).

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)