महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-66, verse-5

ततो रिपुघ्नं समधत्त कर्णः सुसंशितं सर्पमुखं ज्वलन्तम् ।
रौद्रं शरं संयति सुप्रधौतं पार्थार्थमत्यर्थचिराय गुप्तम् ॥५॥

5. tato ripughnaṁ samadhatta karṇaḥ; susaṁśitaṁ sarpamukhaṁ jvalantam ,
raudraṁ śaraṁ saṁyati supradhautaṁ; pārthārthamatyarthacirāya guptam.

5. tataḥ ripughnam samadhatta karṇaḥ
susaṃśitam sarpamukham jvalantam
raudram śaram saṃyati supradhautam
pārthārtham atyarthacirāya guptam

5. tataḥ karṇaḥ saṃyati ripughnam
susaṃśitam sarpamukham jvalantam
raudram supradhautam pārthārtham
atyarthacirāya guptam śaram samadhatta

5. Then Karna fixed upon his bow a fierce, enemy-slaying, very sharp, serpent-mouthed, blazing, and well-polished arrow. This arrow had been kept secret and carefully guarded for a very long time, specifically for Arjuna (Pārtha) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• रिपुघ्नम् (ripughnam) - enemy-slaying, slayer of enemies

• समधत्त (samadhatta) - placed, fixed, put on

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• सुसंशितम् (susaṁśitam) - very sharp, well-sharpened

• सर्पमुखम् (sarpamukham) - serpent-mouthed, having the face of a serpent

• ज्वलन्तम् (jvalantam) - blazing, burning

• रौद्रम् (raudram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow

• संयति (saṁyati) - in battle, in conflict

• सुप्रधौतम् (supradhautam) - well-cleansed, thoroughly washed/polished

• पार्थार्थम् (pārthārtham) - for the sake of Partha

• अत्यर्थचिराय (atyarthacirāya) - for a very long time

• गुप्तम् (guptam) - guarded, concealed, kept secret

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

adverbial suffix -tas

रिपुघ्नम् (ripughnam) - enemy-slaying, slayer of enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ripughna

ripughna - slaying enemies, enemy-slayer

Compound type : tatpurusha (ripu+ghna)

• ripu – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killing, destroying, slayer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root han (to strike, kill), with suffix -a
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.

समधत्त (samadhatta) - placed, fixed, put on

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-dhā

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, middle voice

Root dhā, with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name)

सुसंशितम् (susaṁśitam) - very sharp, well-sharpened

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of susaṃśita

susaṁśita - well-sharpened, very keen

Past Passive Participle

from root śi (to sharpen) with upasarga sam- and prefix su-

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+saṃśita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• saṃśita – sharpened, keen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root śi (to sharpen) with upasarga sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śi (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.

सर्पमुखम् (sarpamukham) - serpent-mouthed, having the face of a serpent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarpamukha

sarpamukha - serpent-faced, having a serpent's mouth

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarpa+mukha)

• sarpa – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
• mukha – mouth, face, opening
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.

ज्वलन्तम् (jvalantam) - blazing, burning

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jvalant

jvalant - blazing, shining

Present Active Participle

from root jval (to burn, shine)

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.

रौद्रम् (raudram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, dreadful, belonging to Rudra

from Rudra

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.

शरम् (śaram) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow

संयति (saṁyati) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃyat

saṁyat - battle, conflict

सुप्रधौतम् (supradhautam) - well-cleansed, thoroughly washed/polished

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of supradhauta

supradhauta - well-cleansed, well-polished

Past Passive Participle

from root dhāv (to wash, cleanse) with upasarga pra- and prefix su-

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+pradhauta)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• pradhauta – cleansed, polished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhāv (to wash, cleanse) with upasarga pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.

पार्थार्थम् (pārthārtham) - for the sake of Partha

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthārtha

pārthārtha - for the purpose of Partha

Compound type : tatpurusha (pārtha+artha)

• pārtha – Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)
  proper noun (masculine)
  from Pṛthā + aṇ
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially (for the sake of).

अत्यर्थचिराय (atyarthacirāya) - for a very long time

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of atyarthacira

atyarthacira - very long time

Compound type : karmadharaya (atyartha+cira)

• atyartha – excessive, very much
  adjective
  Prefix: ati
• cira – long (time)
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially (for a long time). Dative case used for purpose/duration.

गुप्तम् (guptam) - guarded, concealed, kept secret

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gupta

gupta - guarded, protected, secret, hidden

Past Passive Participle

from root gup (to protect, hide)

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.