महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-66, verse-44

एवं ब्रुवन्प्रस्खलिताश्वसूतो विचाल्यमानोऽर्जुनशस्त्रपातैः ।
मर्माभिघाताच्छलितः क्रियासु पुनः पुनर्धर्ममगर्हदाजौ ॥४४॥

44. evaṁ bruvanpraskhalitāśvasūto; vicālyamāno'rjunaśastrapātaiḥ ,
marmābhighātācchalitaḥ kriyāsu; punaḥ punardharmamagarhadājau.

44. evam bruvan praskhalitāśvasūtaḥ
vicālyamāṇaḥ arjunaśastrapātaiḥ
marmābhighātāt chalitaḥ kriyāsu
punaḥ punaḥ dharmam agarhat ājau

44. evam bruvan praskhalitāśvasūtaḥ
arjunaśastrapātaiḥ vicālyamāṇaḥ
marmābhighātāt kriyāsu chalitaḥ
punaḥ punaḥ ājau dharmam agarhat

44. Speaking thus, with his horses and charioteer faltering, being shaken by the impact of Arjuna's weapons, and hindered in his actions by blows to vital points, he repeatedly blamed the natural law (dharma) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

• प्रस्खलिताश्वसूतः (praskhalitāśvasūtaḥ) - whose horses and charioteer have stumbled/faltered

• विचाल्यमाणः (vicālyamāṇaḥ) - being moved, being shaken, being agitated

• अर्जुनशस्त्रपातैः (arjunaśastrapātaiḥ) - by the impacts of Arjuna's weapons

• मर्माभिघातात् (marmābhighātāt) - from blows to vital points

• छलितः (chalitaḥ) - hindered (in actions) (deceived, hindered, afflicted, wounded)

• क्रियासु (kriyāsu) - in actions, in deeds, in endeavors

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

• अगर्हत् (agarhat) - he blamed, he reviled, he censured

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रस्खलिताश्वसूतः (praskhalitāśvasūtaḥ) - whose horses and charioteer have stumbled/faltered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praskhalitāśvasūta

praskhalitāśvasūta - one whose horses and charioteer have stumbled/faltered

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (praskhalita+aśva+sūta)

• praskhalita – stumbled, faltered, slipped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root skhal (to stumble) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: skhal (class 1)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)

विचाल्यमाणः (vicālyamāṇaḥ) - being moved, being shaken, being agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicālyamāṇa

vicālyamāṇa - being moved, being shaken, being agitated

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root cal (to move) with prefix vi-, in causative passive form

Prefix: vi

Root: cal (class 1)

अर्जुनशस्त्रपातैः (arjunaśastrapātaiḥ) - by the impacts of Arjuna's weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of arjunaśastrapāta

arjunaśastrapāta - impact of Arjuna's weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (arjuna+śastra+pāta)

• arjuna – Arjuna (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śastra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• pāta – fall, impact, shot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pat (class 1)

मर्माभिघातात् (marmābhighātāt) - from blows to vital points

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of marmābhighāta

marmābhighāta - blow to a vital part

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (marma+abhighāta)

• marma – vital part (of the body)
  noun (neuter)
• abhighāta – blow, stroke, injury
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: han (class 2)

छलितः (chalitaḥ) - hindered (in actions) (deceived, hindered, afflicted, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chalita

chalita - deceived, cheated, hindered, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root chal (to deceive, trick)

Root: chal (class 1)

क्रियासु (kriyāsu) - in actions, in deeds, in endeavors

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of kriyā

kriyā - action, deed, rite, endeavor

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in repetition 'punaḥ punaḥ' for 'again and again'

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution

अगर्हत् (agarhat) - he blamed, he reviled, he censured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of garh

Imperfect

3rd person singular, augment 'a' prefix, past tense

Root: garh (class 1)

आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, fight, conflict