महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-66, verse-38

स वत्सदन्तैः पृथुपीनवक्षाः समाचितः स्माधिरथिर्विभाति ।
सुपुष्पिताशोकपलाशशाल्मलिर्यथाचलः स्पन्दनचन्दनायुतः ॥३८॥

38. sa vatsadantaiḥ pṛthupīnavakṣāḥ; samācitaḥ smādhirathirvibhāti ,
supuṣpitāśokapalāśaśālmali;ryathācalaḥ spandanacandanāyutaḥ.

38. saḥ vatsadantaiḥ pṛthupīnavakṣāḥ
samācitaḥ sma adhirathiḥ vibhāti
supuṣpitāśokapalāśaśālmalīḥ
yathā achalaḥ spandanacandanāyutaḥ

38. saḥ adhirathiḥ pṛthupīnavakṣāḥ
vatsadantaiḥ samācitaḥ sma vibhāti
yathā supuṣpitāśokapalāśaśālmalīḥ
spandanacandanāyutaḥ achalaḥ

38. Karṇa, the son of Adhiratha, with his broad and stout chest, appeared splendid, covered with calf-tooth arrows. He was like a mountain adorned with beautifully blooming Aśoka, Palāśa, and Śālmalī trees, and accompanied by Syandana and Candana trees.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Karna) (he, that)

• वत्सदन्तैः (vatsadantaiḥ) - with calf-tooth arrows

• पृथुपीनवक्षाः (pṛthupīnavakṣāḥ) - broad and stout-chested

• समाचितः (samācitaḥ) - covered (with arrows) (covered, filled, heaped up)

• स्म (sma) - indeed (indicating a past or characteristic state in conjunction with 'vibhāti') (indeed, certainly; particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs)

• अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karna, as the son of Adhiratha (son of Adhiratha (Karna))

• विभाति (vibhāti) - appears splendid (shines, appears splendid, is illustrious)

• सुपुष्पिताशोकपलाशशाल्मलीः (supuṣpitāśokapalāśaśālmalīḥ) - with beautifully blooming Aśoka, Palāśa, and Śālmalī trees

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, like)

• अछलः (achalaḥ) - a mountain (immovable, mountain)

• स्पन्दनचन्दनायुतः (spandanacandanāyutaḥ) - accompanied by Syandana and Candana trees (associated with Syandana and Candana trees, containing Syandana and Candana)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Karna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine singular of `tad`.

वत्सदन्तैः (vatsadantaiḥ) - with calf-tooth arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vatsadanta

vatsadanta - calf's tooth; a type of arrow shaped like a calf's tooth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vatsa+danta)

• vatsa – calf
  noun (masculine)
• danta – tooth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to arrows shaped like calf's teeth.

पृथुपीनवक्षाः (pṛthupīnavakṣāḥ) - broad and stout-chested

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthupīnavakṣas

pṛthupīnavakṣas - having a broad and stout chest

Compound meaning "whose chest (vakṣas) is broad (pṛthu) and stout (pīna)".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛthu+pīna+vakṣas)

• pṛthu – broad, wide
  adjective (masculine)
• pīna – stout, fat, plump
  adjective (masculine)
• vakṣas – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `adhirathiḥ`.

समाचितः (samācitaḥ) - covered (with arrows) (covered, filled, heaped up)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samācita

samācita - covered, filled, heaped up

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `ci` (to gather) with prefixes `sam-ā`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ci (class 5)

स्म (sma) - indeed (indicating a past or characteristic state in conjunction with 'vibhāti') (indeed, certainly; particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs)

(indeclinable)

अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karna, as the son of Adhiratha (son of Adhiratha (Karna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhirathi

adhirathi - son of Adhiratha (Karna)

Pronominal derivation referring to "son of Adhiratha".

विभाति (vibhāti) - appears splendid (shines, appears splendid, is illustrious)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vibhā

Present third person singular active

Formed from root `bhā` (class 2) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: bhā (class 2)

सुपुष्पिताशोकपलाशशाल्मलीः (supuṣpitāśokapalāśaśālmalīḥ) - with beautifully blooming Aśoka, Palāśa, and Śālmalī trees

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supuṣpitāśokapalāśaśālmalin

supuṣpitāśokapalāśaśālmalin - having beautifully blooming Aśoka, Palāśa, and Śālmalī trees

Bahuvrīhi compound. "supuṣpita" qualifies the list of trees "aśoka", "palāśa", "śālmalī".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su-puṣpita+aśoka+palāśa+śālmalī)

• su-puṣpita – beautifully bloomed, well-flowered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Compound of `su` (good, well) and `puṣpita` (bloomed). `puṣpita` from root `puṣp` (to blossom).
  Prefix: su
  Root: puṣp (class 1)
• aśoka – Aśoka tree (Saraca asoca)
  noun (masculine)
• palāśa – Palāśa tree (Butea monosperma)
  noun (masculine)
• śālmalī – Śālmalī tree (Bombax ceiba)
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies `achalaḥ`.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, like)

(indeclinable)

अछलः (achalaḥ) - a mountain (immovable, mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of achala

achala - immovable; a mountain

Derived from `a` (not) and `chala` (moving).

Prefix: a

Root: cal (class 1)

स्पन्दनचन्दनायुतः (spandanacandanāyutaḥ) - accompanied by Syandana and Candana trees (associated with Syandana and Candana trees, containing Syandana and Candana)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spandanacandanāyuta

spandanacandanāyuta - associated with Syandana and Candana trees

Bahuvrīhi compound. Ayuta (joined, connected) with Spandana and Candana.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (spandana+candana+āyuta)

• spandana – Syandana tree (Ougeinia oojeinensis)
  noun (masculine)
• candana – Candana tree, sandalwood (Santalum album)
  noun (neuter)
• āyuta – joined, connected, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `yuj` (to join) with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `achalaḥ`.