महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-66, verse-11

अवगाढे रथे भूमौ जानुभ्यामगमन्हयाः ।
ततः शरः सोऽभ्यहनत्किरीटं तस्य धीमतः ॥११॥

11. avagāḍhe rathe bhūmau jānubhyāmagamanhayāḥ ,
tataḥ śaraḥ so'bhyahanatkirīṭaṁ tasya dhīmataḥ.

11. avagāḍhe rathe bhūmau jānubhyām agaman hayāḥ
tataḥ śaraḥ saḥ abhyahanat kirīṭam tasya dhīmataḥ

11. hayāḥ agaman jānubhyām avagāḍhe rathe bhūmau.
Tataḥ,
saḥ śaraḥ abhyahanat kirīṭam tasya dhīmataḥ.

11. When the chariot had sunk into the earth up to the knees of the horses, then that arrow struck the diadem (kirīṭa) of the wise Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• अवगाढे (avagāḍhe) - in the sunken (chariot) (sunken, deeply entered, plunged)

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth, into the ground

• जानुभ्याम् (jānubhyām) - up to the knees (with (or up to) two knees)

• अगमन् (agaman) - they went, they moved

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• शरः (śaraḥ) - arrow

• सः (saḥ) - that (arrow) (he, that)

• अभ्यहनत् (abhyahanat) - he struck, he hit, he killed

• किरीटम् (kirīṭam) - diadem, crown, turban

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (Arjuna) (of him, of that)

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the wise (Arjuna) (of the wise, of the intelligent, of the thoughtful)

Words meanings and morphology

अवगाढे (avagāḍhe) - in the sunken (chariot) (sunken, deeply entered, plunged)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avagāḍha

avagāḍha - sunken, deeply entered, plunged, immersed

Past Passive Participle

from the root 'gāh' (to plunge, enter deeply) with upasarga 'ava'

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth, into the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

जानुभ्याम् (jānubhyām) - up to the knees (with (or up to) two knees)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, dual of jānu

jānu - knee

अगमन् (agaman) - they went, they moved

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect (laṅ)

3rd person plural, Imperfect tense, active voice

Root: gam (class 1)

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

शरः (śaraḥ) - arrow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed, rush

सः (saḥ) - that (arrow) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभ्यहनत् (abhyahanat) - he struck, he hit, he killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of han

Imperfect (laṅ)

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, active voice (from root han with upasarga abhi)

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

किरीटम् (kirīṭam) - diadem, crown, turban

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kirīṭa

kirīṭa - diadem, crown, crest, turban

तस्य (tasya) - of that (Arjuna) (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the wise (Arjuna) (of the wise, of the intelligent, of the thoughtful)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, thoughtful, endowed with understanding

possessive suffix -mat added to dhī (intellect)