महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-66, verse-19

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ततः समुद्ग्रथ्य सितेन वाससा स्वमूर्धजानव्यथितः स्थितोऽर्जुनः ।
विभाति संपूर्णमरीचिभास्वता शिरोगतेनोदयपर्वतो यथा ॥१९॥

19. tataḥ samudgrathya sitena vāsasā; svamūrdhajānavyathitaḥ sthito'rjunaḥ ,
vibhāti saṁpūrṇamarīcibhāsvatā; śirogatenodayaparvato yathā.

19. tataḥ samudgrathya sitena vāsasā
svamūrdhajān avyathitaḥ sthitaḥ
arjunaḥ vibhāti saṃpūrṇamarīcibhāsvatā
śirogatena udayaparvataḥ yathā

19. tataḥ avyathitaḥ arjunaḥ sitena
vāsasā svamūrdhajān samudgrathya
sthitaḥ yathā śirogatena
saṃpūrṇamarīcibhāsvatā udayaparvataḥ vibhāti

19. Then Arjuna, unperturbed, stood having tied up his own hair with a white cloth. He shone just like the Udaya mountain (udayaparvata) does with the full-rayed brilliant sun situated on its peak.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefore, from that, after that)

समुद्ग्रथ्य (samudgrathya) - having tied up (his hair) (having tied up, having bound, having entwined)

सितेन (sitena) - with white (cloth) (with white, by white)

वाससा (vāsasā) - with a cloth (with a garment, with a cloth)

स्वमूर्धजान् (svamūrdhajān) - his own hair (his own hair (of the head))

अव्यथितः (avyathitaḥ) - unperturbed, undisturbed (unagitated, undisturbed, firm)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood, remained (stood, remained, situated)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (proper name))

विभाति (vibhāti) - shines, appears (shines, appears, becomes manifest)

संपूर्णमरीचिभास्वता (saṁpūrṇamarīcibhāsvatā) - with the brilliance of full rays (referring to the sun) (with the brilliance of full rays)

शिरोगतेन (śirogatena) - situated on its peak/summit (referring to the mountain) (situated on the head, located at the top)

उदयपर्वतः (udayaparvataḥ) - the Udaya mountain (mythical mountain where the sun is said to rise) (sunrise mountain, eastern mountain)

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in the manner that)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefore, from that, after that)

(indeclinable)

समुद्ग्रथ्य (samudgrathya) - having tied up (his hair) (having tied up, having bound, having entwined)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from √grath (9th class, grathnāti) with prefixes sam-ud-

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: grath (class 9)

Note: denotes a prior action

सितेन (sitena) - with white (cloth) (with white, by white)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sita

sita - white, pale, bound, tied

Note: qualifies vāsasā

वाससा (vāsasā) - with a cloth (with a garment, with a cloth)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vāsas

vāsas - garment, cloth, apparel

स्वमूर्धजान् (svamūrdhajān) - his own hair (his own hair (of the head))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svamūrdhaja

svamūrdhaja - own hair (born on the head)

compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+mūrdhaja)

sva – own, one's own
pronoun
mūrdhaja – hair (born on the head)
noun (masculine)
mūrdhan + √jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)

Note: object of 'samudgrathya'

अव्यथितः (avyathitaḥ) - unperturbed, undisturbed (unagitated, undisturbed, firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avyathita

avyathita - unagitated, undisturbed, firm, steady

Past Passive Participle (negative compound)

a (negation) + vyathita (from √vyath)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyathita)

a – not, un-
indeclinable
negation prefix
vyathita – agitated, distressed, troubled
adjective
Past Passive Participle
from √vyath (to tremble, be agitated)
Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: predicative adjective for Arjuna

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood, remained (stood, remained, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, firm, existing

Past Passive Participle

from √sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: functions as a past finite verb for Arjuna

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: subject of the sentence

विभाति (vibhāti) - shines, appears (shines, appears, becomes manifest)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √bhā

Present Active

from √bhā (2nd class, bhāti) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: bhā (class 2)

संपूर्णमरीचिभास्वता (saṁpūrṇamarīcibhāsvatā) - with the brilliance of full rays (referring to the sun) (with the brilliance of full rays)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saṃpūrṇamarīcibhāsvat

saṁpūrṇamarīcibhāsvat - shining brilliantly with full rays

compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃpūrṇa+marīci+bhāsvat)

sam-pūrṇa – full, complete
adjective
Past Passive Participle
sam- + √pṝ (to fill)
Prefix: sam
Root: pṝ (class 9)
marīci – ray of light, beam
noun (masculine)
bhāsvat – shining, brilliant, radiant, the sun
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle (for shining)
from √bhā (to shine)
Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: describes the brilliant entity, implicitly the sun, associated with the mountain

शिरोगतेन (śirogatena) - situated on its peak/summit (referring to the mountain) (situated on the head, located at the top)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śirogata

śirogata - situated on the head, at the top

Past Passive Participle (compound)

śiras (head, top) + gata (gone, situated)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śiras+gata)