महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-66, verse-34

स तं विवर्माणमथोत्तमेषुभिः शरैश्चतुर्भिः कुपितः पराभिनत् ।
स विव्यथेऽत्यर्थमरिप्रहारितो यथातुरः पित्तकफानिलव्रणैः ॥३४॥

34. sa taṁ vivarmāṇamathottameṣubhiḥ; śaraiścaturbhiḥ kupitaḥ parābhinat ,
sa vivyathe'tyarthamariprahārito; yathāturaḥ pittakaphānilavraṇaiḥ.

34. saḥ tam vivarmāṇam atha uttameṣubhiḥ
śaraiḥ caturbhiḥ kupitaḥ parābhinat
| saḥ vivyathe atyartham ariprāhāritaḥ
yathā āturaḥ pittakaphānilavraṇaiḥ

34. atha kupitaḥ saḥ caturbhiḥ uttameṣubhiḥ
śaraiḥ vivarmāṇam tam parābhinat
ariprāhāritaḥ saḥ atyartham vivyathe
yathā āturaḥ pittakaphānilavraṇaiḥ

34. Then, enraged, Arjuna pierced him (Karna), now stripped of his armor, with four excellent arrows. Struck by the enemy, Karna suffered intensely, like a patient tormented by diseases caused by imbalances of bile, phlegm, and wind.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he)

• तम् (tam) - Karna (him, that (masculine))

• विवर्माणम् (vivarmāṇam) - stripped of his armor (without armor, armor-less)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• उत्तमेषुभिः (uttameṣubhiḥ) - with excellent arrows

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angered, furious

• पराभिनत् (parābhinat) - he pierced, he struck completely

• सः (saḥ) - Karna (he)

• विव्यथे (vivyathe) - he suffered intensely (he suffered, he was tormented, he trembled)

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, intensely

• अरिप्राहारितः (ariprāhāritaḥ) - struck by the enemy

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• आतुरः (āturaḥ) - sick person, patient, one afflicted

• पित्तकफानिलव्रणैः (pittakaphānilavraṇaiḥ) - by diseases caused by imbalances of bile, phlegm, and wind (by sores/diseases of bile, phlegm, and wind (three humors/doshas in Ayurveda))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - Karna (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विवर्माणम् (vivarmāṇam) - stripped of his armor (without armor, armor-less)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vivarman

vivarman - without armor, unarmed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+varman)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
• varman – armor, shield
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Karna.

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

उत्तमेषुभिः (uttameṣubhiḥ) - with excellent arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of uttameṣu

uttameṣu - excellent arrow, best arrow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (uttama+iṣu)

• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the type of arrows used.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Refers to the arrows.

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four

(numeral)

Note: Quantifies the arrows.

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angered, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root kup (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Arjuna.

पराभिनत् (parābhinat) - he pierced, he struck completely

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhinat

Prefix: parā

Root: bhid (class 7)

सः (saḥ) - Karna (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विव्यथे (vivyathe) - he suffered intensely (he suffered, he was tormented, he trembled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyath

Root: vyath (class 1)

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, intensely

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

अरिप्राहारितः (ariprāhāritaḥ) - struck by the enemy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariprāhārita

ariprāhārita - struck by the enemy

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+prāhārita)

• ari – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• prāhārita – struck, hit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hṛ (to seize, to strike) with prefix pra-ā-
  Prefixes: pra+ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Karna.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

आतुरः (āturaḥ) - sick person, patient, one afflicted

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātura

ātura - sick, distressed, suffering, a patient

From root tur (to hasten) with prefix ā- and suffix -a

Prefix: ā

Root: tur (class 1)

पित्तकफानिलव्रणैः (pittakaphānilavraṇaiḥ) - by diseases caused by imbalances of bile, phlegm, and wind (by sores/diseases of bile, phlegm, and wind (three humors/doshas in Ayurveda))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pittakaphānilavraṇa

pittakaphānilavraṇa - sore/disease of bile, phlegm, and wind

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (pitta+kapha+anila+vraṇa)

• pitta – bile, one of the three humors (doshas)
  noun (neuter)
• kapha – phlegm, one of the three humors (doshas)
  noun (masculine)
• anila – wind, air, one of the three humors (doshas)
  noun (masculine)
• vraṇa – wound, sore, ulcer, disease
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the three doshas (humors) in Ayurvedic medicine and the diseases they cause.