महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-22, verse-8

तं विराटोऽन्वयात्पश्चात्सह शूरैर्महारथैः ।
केकयाश्च शिखण्डी च धृष्टकेतुस्तथैव च ।
स्वैः स्वैः सैन्यैः परिवृता मत्स्यराजानमन्वयुः ॥८॥

8. taṁ virāṭo'nvayātpaścātsaha śūrairmahārathaiḥ ,
kekayāśca śikhaṇḍī ca dhṛṣṭaketustathaiva ca ,
svaiḥ svaiḥ sainyaiḥ parivṛtā matsyarājānamanvayuḥ.

8. tam virāṭaḥ anu ayāt paścāt saha śūraiḥ
mahārathaiḥ kekayāḥ ca śikhaṇḍī ca
dhṛṣṭaketuḥ tathā eva ca svaiḥ svaiḥ
sainyaiḥ parivṛtāḥ matsyarājānam anu ayuḥ

8. virāṭaḥ paścāt tam śūraiḥ mahārathaiḥ
saha anu ayāt ca tathā eva ca kekayāḥ ca
śikhaṇḍī ca dhṛṣṭaketuḥ svaiḥ svaiḥ
sainyaiḥ parivṛtāḥ matsyarājānam anu ayuḥ

8. Virāṭa then followed him (Drupada), accompanied by heroic great charioteers. And similarly, the Kekayas, Śikhaṇḍī, and Dhṛṣṭaketu, each surrounded by their own armies, followed the king of Matsya (Virāṭa).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Drupada from the previous verse) (him, that)

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virāṭa

• अनु (anu) - after, along with (after, along, towards)

• अयात् (ayāt) - he followed (he went, he moved)

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - then, afterwards (after, behind, subsequently)

• सह (saha) - accompanied by (with, along with)

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by heroic warriors (by heroes, by brave ones)

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers

• केकयाः (kekayāḥ) - the Kekayas (the Kekayas (people/princes))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• धृष्टकेतुः (dhṛṣṭaketuḥ) - Dhṛṣṭaketu

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (thus, so, likewise)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their respective own (by one's own, by their own)

• स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their respective own (by one's own, by their own)

• सैन्यैः (sainyaiḥ) - by their own armies (by armies, by troops)

• परिवृताः (parivṛtāḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

• मत्स्यराजानम् (matsyarājānam) - the king of Matsya (Virāṭa) (the king of Matsya)

• अनु (anu) - after, along with (after, along, towards)

• अयुः (ayuḥ) - they followed (they went, they moved)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Drupada from the previous verse) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'anvayāt'.

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virāṭa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virāṭa (name of a king, ruler of Matsya)

Note: Subject of 'anvayāt'.

अनु (anu) - after, along with (after, along, towards)

(indeclinable)

Note: Upasarga.

अयात् (ayāt) - he followed (he went, he moved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yā

Imperfect tense, 3rd singular, active voice (parasmaipada)

a-yā-t

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'virāṭaḥ'.

पश्चात् (paścāt) - then, afterwards (after, behind, subsequently)

(indeclinable)

ablative of paśca

Note: Adverb.

सह (saha) - accompanied by (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition.

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by heroic warriors (by heroes, by brave ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, warrior, hero

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : karma-tatpurusha (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat.
• ratha – chariot; (often implies) charioteer, warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

केकयाः (kekayāḥ) - the Kekayas (the Kekayas (people/princes))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kekaya

kekaya - name of a people or their king

Note: Subject of 'anvayuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Śikhaṇḍī (a warrior in the Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of 'anvayuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

धृष्टकेतुः (dhṛṣṭaketuḥ) - Dhṛṣṭaketu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭaketu

dhṛṣṭaketu - Dhṛṣṭaketu (name of a king, son of Śiśupāla)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛṣṭa+ketu)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, daring, arrogant
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from dhṛṣ (to be bold)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 4)
• ketu – banner, flag, chief, leader
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'anvayuḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (thus, so, likewise)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their respective own (by one's own, by their own)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own; (noun) one's own people/relations

Note: Adjective for 'sainyaiḥ'.

स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their respective own (by one's own, by their own)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own; (noun) one's own people/relations

Note: Adjective for 'sainyaiḥ'.

सैन्यैः (sainyaiḥ) - by their own armies (by armies, by troops)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

derived from senā (army)

Note: Agent for the passive participle 'parivṛtāḥ'.

परिवृताः (parivṛtāḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, enclosed

Past Passive Participle

from pari + vṛt (to cover, surround)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for the collective subjects.

मत्स्यराजानम् (matsyarājānam) - the king of Matsya (Virāṭa) (the king of Matsya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matsyarājan

matsyarājan - king of the Matsyas

Compound type : tatpurusha (matsya+rājan)

• matsya – fish; (name of a country/people) Matsya
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'anvayuḥ'.

अनु (anu) - after, along with (after, along, towards)

(indeclinable)

Note: Upasarga.

अयुः (ayuḥ) - they followed (they went, they moved)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect tense, 3rd plural, active voice (parasmaipada)

yā-uḥ (irregular, classical perfect form)

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'kekayāḥ', 'śikhaṇḍī', and 'dhṛṣṭaketuḥ'.