महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-93, verse-57

तस्यैवं वर्तमानस्य सौबलेन जिहीर्षता ।
राष्ट्राणि धनधान्यं च प्रयुक्तः परमोपधिः ॥५७॥

57. tasyaivaṁ vartamānasya saubalena jihīrṣatā ,
rāṣṭrāṇi dhanadhānyaṁ ca prayuktaḥ paramopadhiḥ.

57. tasya evam vartamānasya saubalena jihīrṣatā
rāṣṭrāṇi dhanadhānyam ca prayuktaḥ paramopadhiḥ

57. While he (Yudhishthira) was thus conducting himself, Saubala (Shakuni), desiring to seize his kingdoms, wealth, and grain, employed a supreme stratagem against him.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - to Yudhishthira (to him; of him; for him)

• एवम् (evam) - thus; in this manner; so

• वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - of Yudhishthira acting/conducting himself (of him acting; of him behaving; of him existing)

• सौबलेन (saubalena) - by Saubala (Shakuni, son of Subala) (by Saubala (Shakuni))

• जिहीर्षता (jihīrṣatā) - by one wishing to take away; by one desiring to seize

• राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms; territories; countries

• धनधान्यम् (dhanadhānyam) - wealth and grain; riches and corn

• च (ca) - and; also

• प्रयुक्तः (prayuktaḥ) - employed; applied; instigated; used

• परमोपधिः (paramopadhiḥ) - a supreme stratagem; a great deception

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - to Yudhishthira (to him; of him; for him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that; he; she; it

एवम् (evam) - thus; in this manner; so

(indeclinable)

वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - of Yudhishthira acting/conducting himself (of him acting; of him behaving; of him existing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - acting; existing; current; present

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle of 'vṛt' (to be, to act)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tasya'

सौबलेन (saubalena) - by Saubala (Shakuni, son of Subala) (by Saubala (Shakuni))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala (referring to Shakuni)

जिहीर्षता (jihīrṣatā) - by one wishing to take away; by one desiring to seize

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jihīrṣat

jihīrṣat - wishing to take away; intending to seize; desiring to carry off

Desiderative Present Active Participle

Desiderative Present Active Participle of 'hṛ' (to carry, to take) with reduplication and 'sa' suffix

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saubalena'

राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms; territories; countries

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom; country; territory; realm

धनधान्यम् (dhanadhānyam) - wealth and grain; riches and corn

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanadhānya

dhanadhānya - wealth and grain; riches and corn

Compound type : dvandva (dhana+dhānya)

• dhana – wealth; riches; property
  noun (neuter)
• dhānya – grain; corn; rice
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and; also

(indeclinable)

प्रयुक्तः (prayuktaḥ) - employed; applied; instigated; used

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayukta

prayukta - employed; applied; used; instigated; sent forth

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of 'yuj' (to join, to employ) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

परमोपधिः (paramopadhiḥ) - a supreme stratagem; a great deception

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramopadhi

paramopadhi - a supreme deception; a great stratagem; an excellent means

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+upadhi)

• parama – supreme; highest; best; excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• upadhi – deception; fraud; stratagem; pledge; distinguishing attribute
  noun (masculine)