महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-93, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तेष्वासीनेषु सर्वेषु तूष्णींभूतेषु राजसु ।
वाक्यमभ्याददे कृष्णः सुदंष्ट्रो दुन्दुभिस्वनः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
teṣvāsīneṣu sarveṣu tūṣṇīṁbhūteṣu rājasu ,
vākyamabhyādade kṛṣṇaḥ sudaṁṣṭro dundubhisvanaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca teṣu āsīneṣu sarveṣu tūṣṇīmbhūteṣu
rājasu vākyam abhyādadé kṛṣṇaḥ sudaṃṣṭraḥ dundubhisvanaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: While all those kings were seated and had become silent, Kṛṣṇa, who possessed fine teeth and a voice like a war-drum, began to speak.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• तेषु (teṣu) - Referring to the kings in the assembly. (among them, to them)

• आसीनेषु (āsīneṣu) - while seated, among those seated

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - among all, in all

• तूष्णीम्भूतेषु (tūṣṇīmbhūteṣu) - who had become silent, silent

• राजसु (rājasu) - among the kings, in the kings

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a speech, a statement, a word

• अभ्यादद्é (abhyādadé) - he uttered, he began (to speak), he took up

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa

• सुदंष्ट्रः (sudaṁṣṭraḥ) - having fine tusks/teeth, fine-toothed

• दुन्दुभिस्वनः (dundubhisvanaḥ) - having the sound of a drum, loud-voiced like a war-drum

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - a celebrated sage, pupil of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तेषु (teṣu) - Referring to the kings in the assembly. (among them, to them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

आसीनेषु (āsīneṣu) - while seated, among those seated

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root ās (to sit).

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - among all, in all

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies 'rājasu', used in a locative absolute construction.

तूष्णीम्भूतेषु (tūṣṇīmbhūteṣu) - who had become silent, silent

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of tūṣṇīmbhūta

tūṣṇīmbhūta - become silent, silenced

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tūṣṇīm+bhūta)

• tūṣṇīm – silently, quietly
  indeclinable
• bhūta – become, been, existing
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājasu', used in a locative absolute construction.

राजसु (rājasu) - among the kings, in the kings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a speech, a statement, a word

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, statement, word

अभ्यादद्é (abhyādadé) - he uttered, he began (to speak), he took up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of dā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - black, dark; a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

सुदंष्ट्रः (sudaṁṣṭraḥ) - having fine tusks/teeth, fine-toothed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudaṃṣṭra

sudaṁṣṭra - having good tusks/teeth, fine-toothed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+daṃṣṭra)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• daṃṣṭra – tusk, tooth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'kṛṣṇaḥ'.

दुन्दुभिस्वनः (dundubhisvanaḥ) - having the sound of a drum, loud-voiced like a war-drum

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dundubhisvana

dundubhisvana - having the sound of a drum, loud-voiced

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dundubhi+svana)

• dundubhi – drum, war-drum
  noun (masculine)
• svana – sound, noise, voice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kṛṣṇaḥ'.