महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-93, verse-49

विद्धो धर्मो ह्यधर्मेण सभां यत्र प्रपद्यते ।
न चास्य शल्यं कृन्तन्ति विद्धास्तत्र सभासदः ।
धर्म एतानारुजति यथा नद्यनुकूलजान् ॥४९॥

49. viddho dharmo hyadharmeṇa sabhāṁ yatra prapadyate ,
na cāsya śalyaṁ kṛntanti viddhāstatra sabhāsadaḥ ,
dharma etānārujati yathā nadyanukūlajān.

49. viddhaḥ dharmaḥ hi adharmeṇa sabhām
yatra prapadyate na ca asya śalyam
kṛntanti viddhāḥ tatra sabhāsadaḥ
dharmaḥ etān ārujati yathā nadī anukūlajān

49. Indeed, where natural law (dharma), wounded by unrighteousness, enters the assembly, and the assembly members do not remove its piercing 'thorn', then those assembly members themselves become wounded. Natural law (dharma) crushes them, just as a river devastates the trees growing along its banks.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice

• सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly

• यत्र (yatra) - where

• प्रपद्यते (prapadyate) - enters, approaches, resorts to

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - of it, its

• शल्यम् (śalyam) - dart, arrow, thorn

• कृन्तन्ति (kṛntanti) - they cut, they extract

• विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, wounded

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• सभासदः (sabhāsadaḥ) - assembly members

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

• एतान् (etān) - these (ones), them

• आरुजति (ārujati) - breaks, crushes, destroys

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• नदी (nadī) - river

• अनुकूलजान् (anukūlajān) - those born/growing on the bank

Words meanings and morphology

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, wounded, struck, hit

Past Passive Participle

root vyadh + kta (suffix)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, violation of natural law (dharma)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, meeting, court

यत्र (yatra) - where

(indeclinable)

प्रपद्यते (prapadyate) - enters, approaches, resorts to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Present (Laṭ) of pra-pad

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of it, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, it

शल्यम् (śalyam) - dart, arrow, thorn

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śalya

śalya - dart, arrow, spear, thorn, a foreign body causing pain

कृन्तन्ति (kṛntanti) - they cut, they extract

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Present (Laṭ) of kṛnt

Root kṛt (class 6, kṛntati)

Root: kṛt (class 6)

विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viddha

viddha - pierced, wounded, struck, hit

Past Passive Participle

root vyadh + kta (suffix)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

सभासदः (sabhāsadaḥ) - assembly members

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sabhāsad

sabhāsad - member of an assembly, spectator

Compound type : tatpurusha (sabhā+sad)

• sabhā – assembly, council, court
  noun (feminine)
• sad – sitting, residing, member (derived from root sad)
  adjective
  Root: sad (class 1)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

एतान् (etān) - these (ones), them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

आरुजति (ārujati) - breaks, crushes, destroys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Present (Laṭ) of ā-ruj

Prefix: ā

Root: ruj (class 6)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

नदी (nadī) - river

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

अनुकूलजान् (anukūlajān) - those born/growing on the bank

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anukūlaja

anukūlaja - born or growing on a favorable bank or shore

Compound type : tatpurusha (anukūla+ja)

• anukūla – favorable, agreeable, on the bank (as a noun, referring to shore)
  adjective
• ja – born, produced, growing (suffix used to form adjectives)
  adjective
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)