महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-21, verse-8

सभायां पश्यतो राज्ञः पातयित्वा पदाहनम् ।
न चैवालभथास्त्राणमभिपन्ना बलीयसा ॥८॥

8. sabhāyāṁ paśyato rājñaḥ pātayitvā padāhanam ,
na caivālabhathāstrāṇamabhipannā balīyasā.

8. sabhāyām paśyataḥ rājñaḥ pātayitvā padāhanam na
ca eva ālabhathāḥ astrāṇam abhipannā balīyasā

8. Though you were struck down by a kick from a powerful person in the assembly, before the king's very eyes, you did not obtain any protection.

Words meanings summery:

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the court

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - of him seeing, while seeing

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having thrown down

• पदाहनम् (padāhanam) - a kick, a foot-blow

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• आलभथाः (ālabhathāḥ) - you obtained

• अस्त्राणम् (astrāṇam) - protection, shield

• अभिपन्ना (abhipannā) - having been approached, having been attacked, fallen upon

• बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by a stronger one

Words meanings and morphology

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the court

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, court, hall

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - of him seeing, while seeing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see), with 'paśya' stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājñaḥ'.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: In apposition to 'paśyataḥ'.

पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having thrown down

(indeclinable)

absolutive (causative)

Derived from causative of root 'pat' (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

पदाहनम् (padāhanam) - a kick, a foot-blow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of padāhana

padāhana - kick, foot-blow, strike by foot

Compound of 'pada' (foot) and 'āhana' (strike)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pada+āhana)

• pada – foot
  noun (neuter)
• āhana – strike, blow
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  Derived from 'ā' + root 'han' (to strike)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of 'pātayitvā'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the negation.

आलभथाः (ālabhathāḥ) - you obtained

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of labh

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Imperfect middle 2nd singular of 'ā-labh'.

अस्त्राणम् (astrāṇam) - protection, shield

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astrāṇa

astrāṇa - protection, shielding, defense

Prefix: a

Root: strā

Note: Object of 'ālabhathāḥ'. The 'a' prefix suggests absence/negation, but here it's ā-strāṇa, where strā is 'to protect'.

अभिपन्ना (abhipannā) - having been approached, having been attacked, fallen upon

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhipanna

abhipanna - approached, attacked, fallen upon, befallen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'abhi' + root 'pad' (to go, fall)

Prefix: abhi

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with implied Draupadī (feminine).

बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by a stronger one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, more powerful

comparative adjective

Comparative form of 'balin' (strong)

Note: Agent of 'abhipannā'.