महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-21, verse-57

क्रोधाविष्टो विनिःश्वस्य पुनश्चैनं वृकोदरः ।
जग्राह जयतां श्रेष्ठः केशेष्वेव तदा भृशम् ॥५७॥

57. krodhāviṣṭo viniḥśvasya punaścainaṁ vṛkodaraḥ ,
jagrāha jayatāṁ śreṣṭhaḥ keśeṣveva tadā bhṛśam.

57. krodhāviṣṭaḥ viniḥśvasya punaḥ ca enam vṛkodaraḥ
jagrāha jayatām śreṣṭhaḥ keśeṣu eva tadā bhṛśam

57. Enraged, Vṛkodara (Bhīma) sighed heavily, and then that best among conquerors seized him again, very tightly by his hair.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोधाविष्टः (krodhāviṣṭaḥ) - enraged, overcome with anger, filled with wrath

• विनिःश्वस्य (viniḥśvasya) - having sighed heavily, having exhaled, having taken a deep breath

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, moreover

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - him (Kīcaka) (him, this (masculine singular))

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma) (Vṛkodara (proper name, an epithet of Bhīma))

• जग्राह (jagrāha) - he seized, he grasped, he caught

• जयताम् (jayatām) - of those conquering, among the victors

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, supreme

• केशेषु (keśeṣu) - in the hairs, by the hair

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely, greatly, tightly, intensely

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोधाविष्टः (krodhāviṣṭaḥ) - enraged, overcome with anger, filled with wrath

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhāviṣṭa

krodhāviṣṭa - enraged, overcome with anger

Compound: krodhena āviṣṭaḥ (entered by anger)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+āviṣṭa)

• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
• āviṣṭa – entered, possessed, pervaded, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root viś (to enter) with upasarga ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

विनिःश्वस्य (viniḥśvasya) - having sighed heavily, having exhaled, having taken a deep breath

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śvas (to breathe, sigh) with upasargas vi- and niḥ-

Prefixes: vi+niḥ

Root: śvas (class 2)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, moreover

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Kīcaka) (him, this (masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma) (Vṛkodara (proper name, an epithet of Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - Vṛkodara (epithet of Bhīma, meaning 'wolf-bellied' or 'one with a wolf's appetite')

Compound: vṛkasya udaram iva udaram yasya saḥ (he whose belly is like a wolf's belly)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

जग्राह (jagrāha) - he seized, he grasped, he caught

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of grah

Perfect Tense Active Voice

Root 'grah' (to seize), 3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice.

Root: grah (class 9)

जयताम् (jayatām) - of those conquering, among the victors

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayat

jayat - conquering, victorious, triumphing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root ji (to conquer, win) with suffix -at

Root: ji (class 1)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative degree of praśasya/praśasta (excellent)

केशेषु (keśeṣu) - in the hairs, by the hair

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of keśa

keśa - hair (of the head)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely, greatly, tightly, intensely

(indeclinable)