महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-21, verse-37

नागो बिल्वमिवाक्रम्य पोथयिष्याम्यहं शिरः ।
अलभ्यामिच्छतस्तस्य कीचकस्य दुरात्मनः ॥३७॥

37. nāgo bilvamivākramya pothayiṣyāmyahaṁ śiraḥ ,
alabhyāmicchatastasya kīcakasya durātmanaḥ.

37. nāgaḥ bilvam iva ākramya pothayiṣyāmi aham śiraḥ
alabhyām icchataḥ tasya kīcakasya durātmanaḥ

37. I will crush his head just as a serpent (nāga) crushes a bael fruit, the head of that evil-minded (durātman) Kīcaka who desires the unattainable.

Words meanings summery:

• नागः (nāgaḥ) - serpent (used as a simile for crushing) (serpent, snake, elephant)

• बिल्वम् (bilvam) - bael fruit (Aegle marmelos)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having seized, having attacked, having overcome

• पोथयिष्यामि (pothayiṣyāmi) - I will crush, I will smash

• अहम् (aham) - Refers to Bhīma. (I)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• अलभ्याम् (alabhyām) - Refers to Draupadī, whom Kīcaka desires. (the unattainable, that which cannot be obtained)

• इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting (genitive)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Kīcaka. (his, of him)

• कीचकस्य (kīcakasya) - of Kīcaka

• दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - Refers to Kīcaka. (of the evil-minded one, of the wicked person)

Words meanings and morphology

नागः (nāgaḥ) - serpent (used as a simile for crushing) (serpent, snake, elephant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, a mythical serpentine being

Note: Subject of the simile.

बिल्वम् (bilvam) - bael fruit (Aegle marmelos)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bilva

bilva - bael fruit, wood apple (Aegle marmelos)

Note: Object in simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having seized, having attacked, having overcome

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive (gerund) form of the root 'kram' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main action of crushing.

पोथयिष्यामि (pothayiṣyāmi) - I will crush, I will smash

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of puth

causative future active

Causative future tense, 1st person singular, parasmaipada of root 'puth' (often forms causative as 'poth').

Root: puth (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - Refers to Bhīma. (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'pothayiṣyāmi'.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

Note: Object of crushing.

अलभ्याम् (alabhyām) - Refers to Draupadī, whom Kīcaka desires. (the unattainable, that which cannot be obtained)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of alabhya

alabhya - unattainable, not to be obtained, inaccessible

gerundive

From 'a' (not) + 'labhya' (to be obtained), where 'labhya' is a gerundive of root 'labh'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+labhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• labhya – to be obtained, attainable
  participle (feminine)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of root 'labh' (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Object of the desire implied by 'icchataḥ'.

इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting (genitive)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing, wanting

present active participle

Present active participle of root 'iṣ' (to wish, desire). Genitive singular masculine.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Refers to Kīcaka and is in agreement with 'tasya', 'kīcakasya', and 'durātmanaḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Kīcaka. (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Possessive pronoun, refers to Kīcaka.

कीचकस्य (kīcakasya) - of Kīcaka

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kīcaka

kīcaka - Kīcaka (proper name)

Note: In apposition with 'tasya' and 'durātmanaḥ'.

दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - Refers to Kīcaka. (of the evil-minded one, of the wicked person)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious person

From 'dur' (bad, difficult) + 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition with 'tasya' and 'kīcakasya'.