महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-47, verse-43

ब्रह्म वक्त्रं भुजौ क्षत्रं कृत्स्नमूरूदरं विशः ।
पादौ यस्याश्रिताः शूद्रास्तस्मै वर्णात्मने नमः ॥४३॥

43. brahma vaktraṁ bhujau kṣatraṁ kṛtsnamūrūdaraṁ viśaḥ ,
pādau yasyāśritāḥ śūdrāstasmai varṇātmane namaḥ.

43. brahma vaktram bhujau kṣatram kṛtsnam ūrudaram viśaḥ
pādau yasya āśritāḥ śūdrāḥ tasmai varṇātmane namaḥ

43. yasya vaktram brahma bhujau kṣatram kṛtsnam ūrudaram
viśaḥ pādau śūdrāḥ āśritāḥ tasmai varṇātmane namaḥ

43. Salutations to that Self (ātman) who is the embodiment of the social classes (varṇa), whose mouth is the Brahmins, whose arms are the Kṣatriyas, whose entire thighs and belly are the Vaiśyas, and whose feet are depended upon by the Śūdras.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the Brahmin class/principle (as a collective) (Brahmin class, priestly class, the sacred principle)

• वक्त्रम् (vaktram) - the mouth (of the cosmic Puruṣa) (mouth, face)

• भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

• क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the Kṣatriya class (Kṣatriya class, warrior class, dominion)

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire, whole, complete

• ऊरुदरम् (ūrudaram) - thighs and belly

• विशः (viśaḥ) - the Vaiśya class (Vaiśyas (the merchant/farmer class), people)

• पादौ (pādau) - two feet

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

• आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - are depended upon by (resorted to, dependent on, supported by, taken refuge in)

• शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Śūdras (the laboring class)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to him, to that

• वर्णात्मने (varṇātmane) - to the Self of classes, to the embodiment of social order

• नमः (namaḥ) - salutation, obeisance, homage

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the Brahmin class/principle (as a collective) (Brahmin class, priestly class, the sacred principle)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin (member of the priestly class), sacred word, absolute reality

Root: bṛh (class 1)

वक्त्रम् (vaktram) - the mouth (of the cosmic Puruṣa) (mouth, face)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktra

vaktra - mouth, face, organ of speech

From root vac (to speak) with suffix -tra.

Root: vac (class 2)

भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhuja

bhuja - arm, hand, curve

From root bhuj (to bend).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the Kṣatriya class (Kṣatriya class, warrior class, dominion)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - dominion, power, rule, Kṣatriya (member of the warrior class)

Root: kṣi (class 1)

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, complete, all

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'ūrūdaram'.

ऊरुदरम् (ūrudaram) - thighs and belly

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ūrudara

ūrudara - thighs and belly

Dvandva compound: ūru (thigh) and udara (belly).

Compound type : dvandva (ūru+udara)

• ūru – thigh
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

Note: The compound is treated as a single neuter singular noun here.

विशः (viśaḥ) - the Vaiśya class (Vaiśyas (the merchant/farmer class), people)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, Vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

पादौ (pādau) - two feet

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - are depended upon by (resorted to, dependent on, supported by, taken refuge in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, dependent, supported, protected

Past Passive Participle

From root śri (to resort to, to depend on) with prefix ā. Here used adjectivally.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'are relied upon' when 'śūdrāḥ' is the subject.

शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Śūdras (the laboring class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūdra

śūdra - Śūdra (member of the laboring class), a person of the fourth social class

तस्मै (tasmai) - to him, to that

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वर्णात्मने (varṇātmane) - to the Self of classes, to the embodiment of social order

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of varṇātman

varṇātman - the Self of social classes (varṇa), the embodiment of social order

Tatpuruṣa compound: varṇa (social class) + ātman (self/essence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṇa+ātman)

• varṇa – color, social class, caste, sound
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

नमः (namaḥ) - salutation, obeisance, homage

(indeclinable)

Root: nam (class 1)