महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-47, verse-33

यं तं व्यक्तस्थमव्यक्तं विचिन्वन्ति महर्षयः ।
क्षेत्रे क्षेत्रज्ञमासीनं तस्मै क्षेत्रात्मने नमः ॥३३॥

33. yaṁ taṁ vyaktasthamavyaktaṁ vicinvanti maharṣayaḥ ,
kṣetre kṣetrajñamāsīnaṁ tasmai kṣetrātmane namaḥ.

33. yam tam vyaktastham avyaktam vicinvanti maharṣayaḥ
kṣetre kṣetrajñam āsīnam tasmai kṣetrātmane namaḥ

33. maharṣayaḥ yam tam avyaktam vyaktastham kṣetre āsīnam
kṣetrajñam vicinvanti tasmai kṣetrātmane namaḥ

33. Homage to that Self of the field (kṣetra) whom the great sages discern as the unmanifest (avyakta) residing within the manifest, and as the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) dwelling in the field (kṣetra).

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the Self of the field) (whom, which)

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to the object of discernment) (that, him)

• व्यक्तस्थम् (vyaktastham) - existing within the manifested creation (residing in the manifest, abiding in the visible world)

• अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - the subtle, unmanifest principle (the unmanifest, unperceived, imperceptible)

• विचिन्वन्ति (vicinvanti) - they distinguish or perceive clearly (they discern, discriminate, investigate, search)

• महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - eminent seers or spiritual masters (great sages)

• क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in the physical body or the realm of experience (the field of karma) (in the field, in the body, in the sphere)

• क्षेत्रज्ञम् (kṣetrajñam) - the consciousness or spirit that knows the body/field (the knower of the field (kṣetra), the soul)

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - situated or dwelling within (the field) (seated, residing, abiding)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (Self of the field) (to that, for that)

• क्षेत्रात्मने (kṣetrātmane) - to the ultimate principle identified with the field (kṣetra) and its knower (to the Self of the field (kṣetra))

• नमः (namaḥ) - an act of reverence or bowing (salutation, homage)

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the Self of the field) (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to the 'kṣetrātmane'.

तम् (tam) - that (referring to the object of discernment) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to 'yam'.

व्यक्तस्थम् (vyaktastham) - existing within the manifested creation (residing in the manifest, abiding in the visible world)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyaktastha

vyaktastha - residing in the manifest

Compound of vyakta (manifest) + stha (standing, dwelling).

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (vyakta+stha)

• vyakta – manifest, evident, visible, evolved
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From vi + añj 'to anoint, manifest'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)
• stha – standing, existing, dwelling, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root sthā
  Agent noun/adjective from root sthā 'to stand'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the 'yam tam'.

अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - the subtle, unmanifest principle (the unmanifest, unperceived, imperceptible)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, unperceived, imperceptible

From 'a' (not) + 'vyakta' (manifest).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vyakta – manifest, evident, visible, evolved
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From vi + añj 'to anoint, manifest'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

विचिन्वन्ति (vicinvanti) - they distinguish or perceive clearly (they discern, discriminate, investigate, search)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of vici

present active

From prefix vi + root ci 'to gather, build' (5th class verb, 'cinoti').

Prefix: vi

Root: ci (class 5)

महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - eminent seers or spiritual masters (great sages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, eminent seer

Compound of mahā (great) + ṛṣi (sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, mighty, vast
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in the physical body or the realm of experience (the field of karma) (in the field, in the body, in the sphere)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṣetra

kṣetra - field, ground, land, body, sphere of activity

क्षेत्रज्ञम् (kṣetrajñam) - the consciousness or spirit that knows the body/field (the knower of the field (kṣetra), the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field (kṣetra), the soul (ātman)

Compound of kṣetra (field) + jña (knower).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, ground, land, body, sphere of activity
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  From root jñā 'to know'.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - situated or dwelling within (the field) (seated, residing, abiding)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting, abiding, residing

past active participle (karmaṇi kṛt)

From prefix ā + root as 'to sit'.

Prefix: ā

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'kṣetrajñam'.

तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (Self of the field) (to that, for that)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

क्षेत्रात्मने (kṣetrātmane) - to the ultimate principle identified with the field (kṣetra) and its knower (to the Self of the field (kṣetra))

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of kṣetrātman

kṣetrātman - the Self of the field (kṣetra)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+ātman)

• kṣetra – field, ground, body, sphere of activity
  noun (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the divine or fundamental aspect underlying the 'field' and 'knower of the field'.

नमः (namaḥ) - an act of reverence or bowing (salutation, homage)

(indeclinable)