योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-51, verse-47

प्राक्तनी वासनाद्यापि पौरुषेणावजीयते ।
ह्यःकुकर्माद्य यत्नेन प्रयाति हि सुकर्मताम् ॥ ४७ ॥

prāktanī vāsanādyāpi pauruṣeṇāvajīyate ,
hyaḥkukarmādya yatnena prayāti hi sukarmatām 47

47. prāktanī vāsanā adya api pauruṣeṇa avajīyate |
hyaḥ kukarma adya yatnena prayāti hi sukarmatām

47. adya api prāktanī vāsanā pauruṣeṇa avajīyate.
hi hyaḥ kukarma adya yatnena sukarmatām prayāti.

47. Even today, past latent impressions (vāsanā) are overcome by human effort (pauruṣa). Indeed, yesterday's bad actions (kukarma) can attain the state of good actions (sukarmatā) through effort today.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राक्तनी (prāktanī) - past, former, ancient, pre-existent

• वासना (vāsanā) - latent impression, habit, predisposition, mental trace

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by human effort, by manliness, by valor

• अवजीयते (avajīyate) - is overcome, is conquered, is defeated

• ह्यः (hyaḥ) - yesterday

• कुकर्म (kukarma) - bad action, misdeed, evil deed

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort, with exertion

• प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes, proceeds, attains

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• सुकर्मताम् (sukarmatām) - to the state of good action, goodness of action

Words meanings and morphology

प्राक्तनी (prāktanī) - past, former, ancient, pre-existent

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāktana

prāktana - past, former, ancient, pre-existent, relating to a previous state or time

From 'prāk' (before) with suffix '-tana'.

Note: Qualifies 'vāsanā'.

वासना (vāsanā) - latent impression, habit, predisposition, mental trace

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression (vāsanā), habit, predisposition, mental trace, desire, memory

From root 'vas' (to dwell) with suffix '-ana'. Implies impressions 'dwelling' in the mind.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'avajīyate'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'adya'.

पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by human effort, by manliness, by valor

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - human effort, manliness, valor, strength, individual exertion

From 'puruṣa' (person, man) with suffix '-a'.

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'avajīyate'.

अवजीयते (avajīyate) - is overcome, is conquered, is defeated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of avajī

Present passive indicative, 3rd person singular, from root 'ji' (to conquer) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'vāsanā'.

ह्यः (hyaḥ) - yesterday

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

कुकर्म (kukarma) - bad action, misdeed, evil deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kukarma

kukarma - bad action, misdeed, evil deed, wrong (karma)

Compound of 'ku' (bad) and 'karma'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (ku+karma)

• ku – bad, evil, wicked
  prefix
• karma – action (karma), deed, work, ritual action, destiny (as consequence of actions)
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-man'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'prayāti'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort, with exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

From root 'yat' (to endeavor).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Means or instrument for 'prayāti'.

प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes, proceeds, attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prayā

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular, from root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'kukarma'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

सुकर्मताम् (sukarmatām) - to the state of good action, goodness of action

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sukarmatā

sukarmatā - the state of good action, goodness of action, merit

From 'sukarma' (good action) with suffix '-tā' (denoting state or quality).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukarma+tā)

• sukarma – good action, virtuous deed, meritorious (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'su' (good) and 'karma'.
• tā – state, condition, quality
  suffix
  Suffix forming abstract feminine nouns.

Note: Object of motion for 'prayāti'.