योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-25, verse-59

अयत्नसिद्धबाह्यस्थं कुम्भकं तत्पदं विदुः ।
अयत्नसिद्धो ह्यन्तस्थकुम्भकः परमं पदम् ॥ ५९ ॥

ayatnasiddhabāhyasthaṃ kumbhakaṃ tatpadaṃ viduḥ ,
ayatnasiddho hyantasthakumbhakaḥ paramaṃ padam 59

59. ayatna-siddha-bāhya-stham kumbhakam tat-padam viduḥ
ayatna-siddhaḥ hi antaḥ-stha-kumbhakaḥ paramam padam

59. ayatna-siddha-bāhya-stham kumbhakam tat-padam viduḥ.
hi ayatna-siddhaḥ antaḥ-stha-kumbhakaḥ paramam padam (asti)

59. They declare the external *kumbhaka* (kumbhaka) that is effortlessly achieved to be 'that state' (tat padam). Indeed, the internal *kumbhaka* (kumbhaka) that is effortlessly achieved is the supreme state.

Words meanings summery:

• अयत्न-सिद्ध-बाह्य-स्थम् (ayatna-siddha-bāhya-stham) - effortlessly achieved and remaining externally

• कुम्भकम् (kumbhakam) - breath retention, *kumbhaka* (kumbhaka)

• तत्-पदम् (tat-padam) - that state, that abode, the supreme state

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• अयत्न-सिद्धः (ayatna-siddhaḥ) - effortlessly achieved, accomplished without effort

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अन्तः-स्थ-कुम्भकः (antaḥ-stha-kumbhakaḥ) - internal *kumbhaka* (kumbhaka), breath retention performed internally

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• पदम् (padam) - state, abode, position, foot

Words meanings and morphology

अयत्न-सिद्ध-बाह्य-स्थम् (ayatna-siddha-bāhya-stham) - effortlessly achieved and remaining externally

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ayatna-siddha-bāhya-stha

ayatna-siddha-bāhya-stha - effortlessly achieved and remaining externally

A complex compound composed of 'ayatna-siddha' (effortlessly achieved) and 'bāhya-stha' (remaining externally).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ayatna-siddha+bāhya-stha)

• ayatna-siddha – effortlessly achieved, accomplished without effort
  adjective (masculine)
  A tatpuruṣa compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) 'a-yatna' (without effort) and 'siddha' (achieved).
• bāhya-stha – staying outside, external
  adjective (masculine)
  A tatpuruṣa compound 'bāhya' (external) and 'stha' (standing).

कुम्भकम् (kumbhakam) - breath retention, *kumbhaka* (kumbhaka)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumbhaka

kumbhaka - breath retention (kumbhaka), a pitcher, a measure

तत्-पदम् (tat-padam) - that state, that abode, the supreme state

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tat-pada

tat-pada - that state, that abode, the supreme state/footstep

A tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+pada)

• tad – that, he, she, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• pada – foot, step, state, position, abode
  noun (neuter)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √vid

present/perfect active

Root √vid (to know). Third person plural, present tense (often treated as perfect in classical Sanskrit for 'they know').

Root: √vid (class 2)

अयत्न-सिद्धः (ayatna-siddhaḥ) - effortlessly achieved, accomplished without effort

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ayatna-siddha

ayatna-siddha - effortlessly achieved, accomplished without effort

A tatpuruṣa compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) 'a-yatna' (without effort) and 'siddha' (achieved).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+yatna+siddha)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• yatna – effort, exertion, attempt
  noun (masculine)
• siddha – achieved, accomplished, perfected, successful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root √sidh (to succeed).
  Root: √sidh (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अन्तः-स्थ-कुम्भकः (antaḥ-stha-kumbhakaḥ) - internal *kumbhaka* (kumbhaka), breath retention performed internally

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antaḥ-stha-kumbhaka

antaḥ-stha-kumbhaka - internal *kumbhaka* (kumbhaka), breath retention performed internally

A descriptive compound composed of 'antaḥ-stha' (remaining internally) and 'kumbhaka' (breath retention).

Compound type : karma dhāraya (antaḥ-stha+kumbhaka)

• antar – inside, internal, within
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, situated, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix
  Derived from root √sthā (to stand) as a suffix.
  Root: √sthā (class 1)
• kumbhaka – breath retention (kumbhaka), a pitcher
  noun (masculine)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent, most distant

पदम् (padam) - state, abode, position, foot

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, state, position, abode, word