योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-25, verse-16

या वायोस्तं विदुर्धीरा अपरं बाह्यपूरकम् ।
वहिरस्तंगते प्राणे यावन्नापान उद्गतः ॥ १६ ॥

yā vāyostaṃ vidurdhīrā aparaṃ bāhyapūrakam ,
vahirastaṃgate prāṇe yāvannāpāna udgataḥ 16

16. yā vāyoḥ tam viduḥ dhīrāḥ aparam bāhyapūrakam
| vahiḥ astaṅgate prāṇe yāvat na apānaḥ udgataḥ

16. The wise understand that other external breath retention (pūraka) of the breath (vāyu) which occurs when the vital breath (prāṇa) has settled externally, and as long as the downward-moving breath (apāna) has not yet risen.

Words meanings summery:

• या (yā) - which (feminine)

• वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of the wind; of the breath (vāyu)

• तम् (tam) - that, him, it

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, sagacious ones

• अपरम् (aparam) - another, other, subsequent

• बाह्यपूरकम् (bāhyapūrakam) - external retention/inhalation

• वहिः (vahiḥ) - outside, externally

• अस्तङ्गते (astaṅgate) - having set, having disappeared (locative)

• प्राणे (prāṇe) - in the vital breath (prāṇa); when the vital breath

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, until

• न (na) - not, nor

• अपानः (apānaḥ) - the downward-moving breath (apāna)

• उद्गतः (udgataḥ) - risen, emerged, come forth

Words meanings and morphology

या (yā) - which (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ya

ya - which, who, what

वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of the wind; of the breath (vāyu)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, vital breath (vāyu), one of the five vital airs

तम् (tam) - that, him, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, sagacious ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, firm, intelligent, resolute

अपरम् (aparam) - another, other, subsequent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

बाह्यपूरकम् (bāhyapūrakam) - external retention/inhalation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāhyapūraka

bāhyapūraka - external inhalation or retention (a type of prāṇāyāma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāhya+pūraka)

• bāhya – external, outer
  adjective (neuter)
• pūraka – inhalation, filling, fulfilling, a filler
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root pūr (to fill)
  Root: pūr (class 10)

वहिः (vahiḥ) - outside, externally

(indeclinable)

अस्तङ्गते (astaṅgate) - having set, having disappeared (locative)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of astaṅgata

astaṅgata - set, disappeared, gone to rest, died

Past Passive Participle

from astaṅgam (asta + gam)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asta+gata)

• asta – setting, home, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, arrived at, come
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

प्राणे (prāṇe) - in the vital breath (prāṇa); when the vital breath

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāṇa

prāṇa - vital air, breath, life-breath (prāṇa)

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, until

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अपानः (apānaḥ) - the downward-moving breath (apāna)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apāna

apāna - downward-moving vital air, out-breath (apāna)

Prefix: apa

Root: an (class 2)

उद्गतः (udgataḥ) - risen, emerged, come forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udgata

udgata - risen, emerged, come forth, gone up

Past Passive Participle

from ud-gam

Prefix: ud

Root: gam (class 1)