योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-25, verse-48

छायायां गलिताङ्गायां तत्रैवाशु यथातपः ।
प्राणे त्वस्तंगते बाह्यादपानः प्रोदितः क्षणात् ॥ ४८ ॥

chāyāyāṃ galitāṅgāyāṃ tatraivāśu yathātapaḥ ,
prāṇe tvastaṃgate bāhyādapānaḥ proditaḥ kṣaṇāt 48

48. chāyāyām galitāṅgāyām tatra eva āśu yathā ātapaḥ
prāṇe tu astam gate bāhyāt apānaḥ proditaḥ kṣaṇāt

48. yathā galitāṅgāyām chāyāyām tatra eva āśu ātapaḥ (asti),
tu bāhyāt prāṇe astam gate (sati),
kṣaṇāt apānaḥ proditaḥ.

48. Just as a shadow, having lost its form, quickly vanishes right there in the presence of the sun, so too, when the outward breath (prāṇa) has ceased externally, the inward breath (apāna) instantly arises.

Words meanings summery:

• छायायाम् (chāyāyām) - in the shadow, in the shade

• गलिताङ्गायाम् (galitāṅgāyām) - in which the limbs have dissolved, having lost its form, disintegrated

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like, according to

• आतपः (ātapaḥ) - sunshine, heat, sun

• प्राणे (prāṇe) - in the outward breath (prāṇa), when the prāṇa

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• अस्तम् (astam) - to setting, to disappearance

• गते (gate) - gone, having gone, set, ceased

• बाह्यात् (bāhyāt) - from outside, externally, outwardly

• अपानः (apānaḥ) - the inward breath (apāna), the downward vital air

• प्रोदितः (proditaḥ) - arisen, appeared, manifested

• क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - in an instant, instantly, quickly

Words meanings and morphology

छायायाम् (chāyāyām) - in the shadow, in the shade

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shadow, shade, reflection, image, a subtle body

गलिताङ्गायाम् (galitāṅgāyām) - in which the limbs have dissolved, having lost its form, disintegrated

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of galitāṅga

galitāṅga - whose limbs are dissolved, having lost its form, disintegrated

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (galita+aṅga)

• galita – dissolved, melted, dropped, fallen, gone
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gal' (to drop, melt)
  Root: gal (class 1)
• aṅga – limb, body part, constituent
  noun (neuter)

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Also functions as an adjective in other contexts, here as an adverb

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like, according to

(indeclinable)

आतपः (ātapaḥ) - sunshine, heat, sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātapa

ātapa - sunshine, heat, sun's rays

From 'ā-tap' (to heat up)

Prefix: ā

Root: tap (class 1)

प्राणे (prāṇe) - in the outward breath (prāṇa), when the prāṇa

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life-force, vital air, esp. the outgoing breath

From 'pra-an' (to breathe forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अस्तम् (astam) - to setting, to disappearance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting (of sun), disappearance, home

Used adverbially with verbs of motion or 'gam'; 'astam gam' means 'to set, to disappear'.

गते (gate) - gone, having gone, set, ceased

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, deceased, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

बाह्यात् (bāhyāt) - from outside, externally, outwardly

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bāhya

bāhya - external, outside, outward

Derived from 'bahis' (outside)

Note: Functions adverbially, indicating source or origin.

अपानः (apānaḥ) - the inward breath (apāna), the downward vital air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apāna

apāna - down-going breath, vital air, esp. the inward breath

From 'apa-an' (to breathe down)

Prefix: apa

Root: an (class 2)

प्रोदितः (proditaḥ) - arisen, appeared, manifested

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prodita

prodita - arisen, appeared, manifest

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra-ud-i' (to rise forth)

Prefixes: pra+ud

Root: i (class 2)

क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - in an instant, instantly, quickly

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, short time

Note: Functions adverbially.