बृहत्-पाराशर-होरा-शास्त्रम्
bṛhat-pārāśara-horā-śāstram
-
chapter-3, verse-21
गुरुशुक्रौ विप्रवर्णौ कुजार्कौ क्षत्रियौ द्विज ।
शशिसोम्यौ वैश्यवर्णौ शनिः शूद्रो द्विजोत्तम् ॥२१॥
शशिसोम्यौ वैश्यवर्णौ शनिः शूद्रो द्विजोत्तम् ॥२१॥
21. guruśukrau vipravarṇau kujārkau kṣatriyau dvija .
śaśisomyau vaiśyavarṇau śaniḥ śūdro dvijottam.
śaśisomyau vaiśyavarṇau śaniḥ śūdro dvijottam.
21.
guruśukrau vipravarṇau kujārkau kṣatriyau dvija
śaśisomyau vaiśyavarṇau śaniḥ śūdraḥ dvijottama
śaśisomyau vaiśyavarṇau śaniḥ śūdraḥ dvijottama
21.
O twice-born (dvija), Jupiter and Venus are of the Brahmin (vipra) caste; Mars and the Sun are of the Kshatriya caste. O best among twice-born (dvijottama), the Moon and Mercury are of the Vaishya caste, and Saturn is of the Shudra caste.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गुरुशुक्रौ (guruśukrau) - Jupiter and Venus
- विप्रवर्णौ (vipravarṇau) - of the Brahmin caste, belonging to the Brahmin class
- कुजार्कौ (kujārkau) - Mars and the Sun
- क्षत्रियौ (kṣatriyau) - of the Kshatriya caste, members of the warrior class
- द्विज (dvija) - Addressing a Brahmin listener (O twice-born, O Brahmin)
- शशिसोम्यौ (śaśisomyau) - Moon and Mercury
- वैश्यवर्णौ (vaiśyavarṇau) - of the Vaishya caste, belonging to the merchant class
- शनिः (śaniḥ) - Saturn
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - of the Shudra caste, a Shudra
- द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - Addressing a Brahmin listener, indicating high esteem (O best among twice-born, O best Brahmin)
Words meanings and morphology
गुरुशुक्रौ (guruśukrau) - Jupiter and Venus
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of guruśukra
guruśukra - Jupiter and Venus
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (guru+śukra)
- guru – preceptor, teacher, heavy, Jupiter (planet)
noun (masculine) - śukra – bright, white, clear, Venus (planet), semen
noun (masculine)
विप्रवर्णौ (vipravarṇau) - of the Brahmin caste, belonging to the Brahmin class
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of vipravarṇa
vipravarṇa - of the Brahmin caste, whose class is Brahmin
Tatpuruṣa compound (viprasya varṇaḥ)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipra+varṇa)
- vipra – inspired, wise, Brahmin, priest
noun (masculine)
From root vip (to tremble, inspire)
Root: vip (class 4) - varṇa – color, caste, class, letter, quality
noun (masculine)
From root vṛ (to choose, select)
Root: vṛ (class 5)
Note: Describes the caste of Jupiter and Venus.
कुजार्कौ (kujārkau) - Mars and the Sun
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of kujārka
kujārka - Mars and Sun
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (kuja+arka)
- kuja – born from earth, Mars (planet)
noun (masculine)
From ku (earth) + jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4) - arka – ray, sun, flame, praise
noun (masculine)
क्षत्रियौ (kṣatriyau) - of the Kshatriya caste, members of the warrior class
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - member of the warrior/ruling caste, princely, noble
From kṣatra (rule, dominion, power)
Note: Acts as a noun in apposition, describing Mars and the Sun.
द्विज (dvija) - Addressing a Brahmin listener (O twice-born, O Brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth, snake
From dvi (two) + jan (to be born), literally 'twice-born'
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jan)
- dvi – two
numeral - jan – to be born, produced, created
verb
root
Root: jan (class 4)
शशिसोम्यौ (śaśisomyau) - Moon and Mercury
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of śaśisomya
śaśisomya - Moon and Mercury
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (śaśin+saumya)
- śaśin – hare, moon (having the image of a hare), crescent
noun (masculine) - saumya – relating to Soma, gentle, auspicious, Mercury (planet)
noun (masculine)
Derived from Soma with suffix -ya
वैश्यवर्णौ (vaiśyavarṇau) - of the Vaishya caste, belonging to the merchant class
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of vaiśyavarṇa
vaiśyavarṇa - of the Vaishya caste, whose class is Vaishya
Tatpuruṣa compound (vaiśyasya varṇaḥ)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaiśya+varṇa)
- vaiśya – member of the merchant/farmer caste, commoner
noun (masculine)
From viś (settlement, community, people) - varṇa – color, caste, class, letter, quality
noun (masculine)
From root vṛ (to choose, select)
Root: vṛ (class 5)
Note: Describes the caste of the Moon and Mercury.
शनिः (śaniḥ) - Saturn
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śani
śani - Saturn (planet), slowly moving, creeper
From root śan (to gain, acquire)
Root: śan (class 1)
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - of the Shudra caste, a Shudra
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - member of the laboring/servile caste
Note: Acts as a noun in apposition, describing Saturn.
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - Addressing a Brahmin listener, indicating high esteem (O best among twice-born, O best Brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best among the twice-born, best Brahmin
Tatpuruṣa compound (dvijānām uttamaḥ)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born, Brahmin
noun (masculine)
Root: jan (class 4) - uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
adjective (masculine)
Superlative of ud (up)