मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-7, verse-38
विश्वामित्र उवाच ।
तथापि खलु दातव्या त्वया मे यज्ञदक्षिणा ।
विशेषतो ब्राह्मणानं हन्त्यदत्तं प्रतिश्रुतम् ॥३८॥
तथापि खलु दातव्या त्वया मे यज्ञदक्षिणा ।
विशेषतो ब्राह्मणानं हन्त्यदत्तं प्रतिश्रुतम् ॥३८॥
38. viśvāmitra uvāca .
tathāpi khalu dātavyā tvayā me yajñadakṣiṇā .
viśeṣato brāhmaṇānaṃ hantyadattaṃ pratiśrutam.
tathāpi khalu dātavyā tvayā me yajñadakṣiṇā .
viśeṣato brāhmaṇānaṃ hantyadattaṃ pratiśrutam.
38.
viśvāmitraḥ uvāca tathāpi khalu dātavyā tvayā me
yajñadakṣiṇā viśeṣataḥ brāhmaṇānām hanti adattam pratiśrutam
yajñadakṣiṇā viśeṣataḥ brāhmaṇānām hanti adattam pratiśrutam
38.
Viśvāmitra said: "Nevertheless, indeed, the sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā) must be given by you to me. Especially, a promise that is not fulfilled causes harm to Brahmins."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - The name of the sage. (Viśvāmitra (proper noun))
- उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke
- तथापि (tathāpi) - In spite of the king's prior offerings. (nevertheless, even so, still)
- खलु (khalu) - indeed, surely, certainly (emphatic particle)
- दातव्या (dātavyā) - The sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā) is due. (to be given, ought to be given, due)
- त्वया (tvayā) - By King Hariścandra. (by you)
- मे (me) - To Viśvāmitra. (to me, for me, my)
- यज्ञदक्षिणा (yajñadakṣiṇā) - The fee promised for the Rājasūya (yajña). (sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā))
- विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically
- ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - The harm affects Brahmins who are deprived of their promised fees. (of Brahmins, for Brahmins)
- हन्ति (hanti) - The unfulfilled promise harms. (destroys, kills, harms, injures)
- अदत्तम् (adattam) - Referring to the promised but not yet given fee. (not given, ungranted, unpaid)
- प्रतिश्रुतम् (pratiśrutam) - The promised sacrificial fee. (promised, vowed, agreed upon)
Words meanings and morphology
विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - The name of the sage. (Viśvāmitra (proper noun))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra
viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (proper noun), friend of all (literal meaning of parts)
Note: Sandhi with `uvāca` leads to `viśvāmitra uvāca`.
उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac
Perfect tense, 3rd person singular
From root √vac (to speak). The 'u' is a samprasāraṇa of 'v'.
Root: vac (class 2)
तथापि (tathāpi) - In spite of the king's prior offerings. (nevertheless, even so, still)
(indeclinable)
Formed from tathā (thus) + api (also, even).
खलु (khalu) - indeed, surely, certainly (emphatic particle)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic or interrogative particle.
दातव्या (dātavyā) - The sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā) is due. (to be given, ought to be given, due)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dātavya
dātavya - to be given, due, fit to be given
Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)
From √dā (to give) + tavya suffix.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Expresses obligation or suitability.
त्वया (tvayā) - By King Hariścandra. (by you)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (singular or plural)
मे (me) - To Viśvāmitra. (to me, for me, my)
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
enclitic form of asmad
यज्ञदक्षिणा (yajñadakṣiṇā) - The fee promised for the Rājasūya (yajña). (sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā))
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yajñadakṣiṇā
yajñadakṣiṇā - sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+dakṣiṇā)
- yajña – sacrifice, ritual, worship
noun (masculine)
From √yaj (to sacrifice, worship)
Root: yaj (class 1) - dakṣiṇā – sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā), gift, donation
noun (feminine)
Note: Subject of the sentence with `dātavyā`.
विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically
(indeclinable)
From viśeṣa (distinction, specific) + tas suffix.
Note: Sandhi with `brāhmaṇānām` becomes `viśeṣato brāhmaṇānām`.
ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - The harm affects Brahmins who are deprived of their promised fees. (of Brahmins, for Brahmins)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, a member of the priestly class
Derived from brahman (sacred knowledge, a Brahmin).
Note: Sandhi with `hanti` becomes `brāhmaṇānāṃ hanti`.
हन्ति (hanti) - The unfulfilled promise harms. (destroys, kills, harms, injures)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √han
Present tense, 3rd person singular
From root √han (to strike, kill).
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Sandhi with `adattam` becomes `hantyadattam`.
अदत्तम् (adattam) - Referring to the promised but not yet given fee. (not given, ungranted, unpaid)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of adatta
adatta - not given, ungranted
Past Passive Participle
Negative prefix 'a-' + datta (from √dā).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+datta)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - datta – given, granted
adjective (masculine/neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From √dā (to give)
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Acts as the subject of 'hanti' along with pratiśrutam.
प्रतिश्रुतम् (pratiśrutam) - The promised sacrificial fee. (promised, vowed, agreed upon)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiśruta
pratiśruta - promised, vowed, agreed upon
Past Passive Participle
From prati-√śru (to promise, assent).
Prefix: prati
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Acts as the subject of 'hanti' along with adattam.